大学生求职过程的积极情绪和动机联动机制研究

发布时间：2018-06-10 16:32

  本文选题：大学生 + 求职过程　； 参考：《南京理工大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：经济发展和高校扩招导致我国劳动力市场供需矛盾日益加剧,并出现结构性就业失衡,这在很大程度上增加了大学生的就业压力,“就业难”已是不争事实。更有效的求职被人们认为是纾解这一问题的关键对策之一。目前,国内外已有不少针对大学生求职行为影响因素的研究,但多聚焦于培养个人能力和采取相关就业政策方面。我们认为面对严峻的就业形势,是否具有强烈的求职动机是影响大学生求职过程的一个重要因素,同时,情绪在大学生求职过程中也扮演着重要角色,具有积极情绪的个体能更积极地看待求职,对自己做好求职及顺利就业有更高的积极期待,从而能激发更高的求职动机,推进求职行为及结果。而迄今为止,尚未有研究同时探讨情绪和动机因素在大学生求职过程中的联动作用机制。本文将立足中国情境对该主题进行探索,基于求职相关研究成果、积极情绪理论、计划行为理论等来探索积极情绪、求职自我效能感、主体规范、求职态度、求职意向等对大学生求职行为的连续影响的动态过程,以期在这方面获得相应的理论创新,并为有效促进大学生求职、就业提供实践指引。本文以大学生为研究对象,对2015届527名有求职意向的毕业生进行了二轮问卷调查。然后,使用SPSS/AMOS软件对所获得的数据进行量表的信、效度检验,描述统计分析和结构方程分析。结果显示,研究所侧重关注的5个假设均得到了验证：(1)积极情绪显著正向影响求职自我效能感；(2)积极情绪显著正向影响求职态度；(3)积极情绪显著正向影响求职意向；(4)积极情绪显著正向影响求职行为；(5)积极情绪和动机联动对求职行为有正向预测作用。而非侧重关注(基本与计划行为理论相关)的各假设中,除求职自我效能感未能显著正向预测求职意向外,其他都得到了一致的验证：(1)求职自我效能感显著正向预测求职行为；(2)求职态度对求职意向和求职行为均有显著的正向预测作用；(3)求职主体规范对求职意向和求职行为均有显著的正向预测作用；(4)求职意向显著正向预测求职行为。理论贡献方面,本研究从理论上丰富了既有的关于大学生求职行为过程的影响机制研究,从个体的情绪和动机视角探讨大学生求职行为过程的影响机制,其研究结果对求职情境中的计划行为理论进行了拓展,较好地揭示了积极情绪和求职自我效能感、求职态度、求职意向等动机因素在大学生求职行为过程中的联动机制；同时,本研究采用二轮问卷调查收集数据,在此基础上获得的研究结果相对于横向研究能更好地避免同源偏差影响,能更严谨和有效地反映求职过程及影响机制的真实情况和动态性。实践贡献方面,本研究的研究结果可以为促进大学生成功就业提供有益的启示：方面,大学毕业生应学会在求职过程中进行有效的情绪管理,保持积极乐观的情绪和高昂的求职自我效能感,以积极的态度看待和对待求职,以强烈的求职意愿和主动、有效的求职行为来推进求职过程,获得积极的求职结果；另一方面,就高校而言,则应为大学毕业生开设相关的就业培训和心理促进课程,帮助其有效认知和调节情绪,积极面对和应对求职困难,提升求职技能,发展求职自我效能感,并通过家长、学校、亲友等施加影响,引导其形成正确的求职态度等,鼓舞和刺激其求职意愿,促进有效求职行为的发生和坚持,帮助其更好更顺利地实现就业。
[Abstract]:This paper tries to explore the influence factors of college students ' job - seeking behavior in the course of seeking employment and employment . At the same time , it has not been studied at home and abroad .
( 2 ) Positive emotion positively influences job - seeking attitude ;
( 3 ) Positive emotion positively affects job - seeking intention ;
( 4 ) Positive emotion positively affects job seeking behavior positively ;
( 5 ) Positive emotion and motivation linkage have positive predictive function on job seeking behavior . In the hypothesis of non - focus ( basically related to the theory of plan behavior ) , except job seeking self - efficacy can not significantly forward predict job - seeking behavior , others get consistent verification : ( 1 ) Job - seeking self - efficacy sense is positively predictive of job - seeking behavior ;
( 2 ) Job - seeking attitude has a positive predictive role in job - seeking and job - seeking behavior ;
( 3 ) Job - seeking subject norm has a positive predictive role in job - seeking and job - seeking behavior ;
( 4 ) Job - seeking intention is significantly forward to predict job - seeking behavior . In theory contribution , this study has enriched the mechanism of influence mechanism of college students ' job - seeking behavior in theory , from the individual ' s emotion and motivation perspective , the research results are expanded to the planning behavior theory in the job - seeking situation , and the mechanism of motivation factors such as positive emotion and job - seeking self - efficacy , job - seeking attitude and job - seeking intention is well revealed in the course of job - seeking behavior of college students .
At the same time , this study uses two - wheeled questionnaire to collect data , and the results obtained on the basis of this study can better avoid the influence of homologous deviation with respect to lateral study , and can reflect the real situation and dynamics of job - seeking process and influence mechanism more accurately and effectively . In the aspect of practical contribution , the research results of this study can provide useful inspiration for promoting college students ' successful employment .
On the other hand , in the case of colleges and universities , relevant employment training and psychological promotion courses should be set up for college graduates to help them to effectively recognize and adjust their emotions , actively face and respond to the difficulties of seeking jobs , improve job - seeking skills , develop job - seeking self - efficacy , and guide them to form the correct job - seeking attitude , encourage and stimulate their job - seeking will , promote the occurrence and persistence of effective job - seeking behavior , and help them to achieve better and more successful employment .
【学位授予单位】：南京理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G647.38
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本文编号：2003871