留学生来华影响因素实证分析

发布时间：2018-06-18 10:11

本文选题：来华留学生 + 影响因素　；参考：《河南大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：国际间人才竞争日趋加剧,留学生群体作为国际人才的重要组成部分越加受到各国重视,随着近些年留学热不断升温,世界范围内越来越多学生群体趋向于出国留学深造,此时对于留学生选择留学地影响因素的研究越来越受到学者的追捧,近年来中国学者对于来华留学生影响因素方面的研究也越加火热。本文以2001年中国加入WTO为分界点,选取历年来华留学生人数最多的13个国家2001年-2014年面板数据,着重研究中国加入世贸组织之后经济、教育、医疗等因素对来华留学生人数的影响。研究发现:经济因素方面,留学生来源国与中国GDP总量差值,中国GDP增长率、来源国与中国双边贸易额等对于吸引留学生来华都有正向影响,且这三个个指标都是在百分之一的水平下显著,说明这三个指标对于留学生来华数量都有显著的正向吸引作用;教育因素方面,中国高校师生比于留学生来华人数具有正向影响作用,但是实证结果显示其显著性不强,这一结果与我们的预期并不相符,由于中国高校师生比在近些年来没有较大改变,教师配备无法满足高校扩招的需求,但是留学生人数却有这跨越式的增长;医疗卫生因素方面,中国医疗支出占GDP比例对于来华留学生数量具有正向影响,实证结果显示其在百分之一的水平下显著为正,显著性很强;其它指标,2003年非典事件这一指标具有负向影响,2008年经济危机对来华留学生数量具有正向影响。基于以上的研究结果,为了在国际人才竞争中占得先机,那我国必须在吸引国际留学生方面加大重视力度,大力发展经济,保持中国经济持续的高速发展;同时加强教育投入以提高教学质量,降低高校师生比;注重医疗卫生投入,保障民众医疗需求,营造更好的医疗卫生环境,杜绝大范围疾病的传播。
[Abstract]:International talent competition is becoming more and more serious. As an important part of international talents, more and more countries attach importance to the international student group. With the increasing heat of studying abroad in recent years, more and more students tend to study abroad in the world. At this time, the research on the influencing factors of foreign students' choice to study abroad is becoming more and more popular by scholars. In recent years, Chinese scholars' research on the influencing factors of foreign students in China has become more and more hot. Taking China's entry into WTO in 2001 as the dividing point, this paper selects the panel data from 2001 to 2014 of 13 countries with the largest number of Chinese students to study the economy and education after China's accession to the WTO. The influence of medical treatment and other factors on the number of overseas students in China. In terms of economic factors, the difference in the total GDP between the countries of origin and China, the growth rate of China's GDP and the bilateral trade volume between the countries of origin and China have positive effects on attracting foreign students to China. These three indicators are all significant at the level of 1%, indicating that these three indicators have a significant positive attraction to the number of foreign students coming to China; in terms of educational factors, The teacher-student ratio of Chinese universities and colleges has a positive effect on the number of students coming to China, but the empirical results show that it is not significant. This result is not in line with our expectation, because the teacher-student ratio of Chinese colleges and universities has not changed much in recent years. The staffing of teachers can not meet the demand of colleges and universities for enrollment expansion, but the number of overseas students has increased by leaps and bounds. In terms of medical and health factors, the proportion of China's medical expenditure to GDP has a positive impact on the number of foreign students coming to China. The empirical results show that it is significantly positive at the level of 1%, and the other indicators, the SARS incident in 2003, have a negative impact, and the economic crisis of 2008 has a positive impact on the number of foreign students coming to China. Based on the above research results, in order to get the first chance in the international talent competition, China must pay more attention to attracting international students, vigorously develop the economy, and maintain the sustained rapid development of the Chinese economy; At the same time, we should strengthen the education investment to improve the teaching quality, reduce the teacher-student ratio in colleges and universities, pay attention to the medical and health investment, guarantee the people's medical needs, create a better medical and health environment, and prevent the spread of diseases on a large scale.
【学位授予单位】：河南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G648.9

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