师徒互动对师范实习生专业观念的影响——交换理论的视角

发布时间：2018-06-28 15:06

本文选题：交换理论 + 情感　；参考：《华东师范大学学报(教育科学版)》2017年06期

【摘要】：师范生在实习时是如何学习的?他们与指导教师是如何互动的?师徒互动对他们学习教学有什么影响?——现有研究对这些问题鲜有深入探究。对现有实习制度安排下师徒互动中师范实习生专业观念的发展状况进行探索,有利于检验制度安排与师范实习生专业培养的合理性。本文采用个案研究方法,深入观察反向阻抑型师徒互动模式下的实习活动,结合布劳的交换理论,对其中权力的社会交换关系进行微观分析。研究发现:指导教师和实习生依照理性原则启动互动,在互惠原则和公正原则立场上平衡自己的付出与报酬。当报酬被对方认可时,双方易产生整合的倾向;当报酬被对方否认或拒绝时,双方易产生对立与分歧。师徒互动中权力的对立与整合对实习生影响重大,导致他们对自己在实习期间完成教学任务、实现教育目标的自我预期、判断和评价产生很大差异,并在一定程度上影响了他们的专业观念。在一些地方院校,实习生不仅在大多数情况下没有获得制度所规定的指导,而且在当地"实习无用""指导教师不管事只管分"等不良集体观念"合法化"下,对实习失去认可和信心。不过,即使在获得指导机会不均等的情况下,依旧有一些实习生通过权力的社会交换,得到了改变自己境遇的机会。
[Abstract]:How does normal school student study in practice? How do they interact with mentors? What effect does teacher-student interaction have on their learning and teaching? these problems are rarely explored in current studies. It is helpful to examine the rationality of the arrangement of the system and the training of the trainee in normal school by exploring the development of the professional concept in the interaction between teacher and apprentice under the present practice system. This paper uses the case study method to deeply observe the practice activities under the mode of reverse inhibition interaction between teacher and disciple, and combines Braw's exchange theory to make a microscopic analysis of the social exchange relationship of power among them. The study found that teachers and interns should start interaction according to rational principle and balance their pay and reward in the position of reciprocity and justice. When the reward is accepted by the other party, the two sides tend to integrate; when the reward is denied or rejected by the other party, the two sides are prone to oppose and disagree. The antagonism and integration of power in the interaction between teachers and students have a great influence on interns, which leads them to have great differences in their own self-expectation, judgment and evaluation of their teaching tasks and educational goals during their practice. And to some extent affect their professional ideas. In some local colleges and universities, interns are not only not given the guidance required by the system in most cases, but also "legalized" under the local "useless practice" concept of "teaching teachers without taking care of their work" and "legalizing" bad collective concepts such as "division". Lose recognition and confidence in practice. However, even with unequal access to guidance, some interns have been given the opportunity to change their circumstances through a social exchange of power.
【作者单位】：浙江师范大学教师教育学院;北京大学教育学院;
【基金】：浙江省高校人文社科重点研究基地(浙江师范大学教育学基地)一般项目“教研员指导教学的知识转化研究”(ZJJYX201402) 教育部人文社会科学研究规划课题“知识转化与身份获得:实习生与重要他人互动模式研究”(10YJA880017)
【分类号】：G652.44

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