中美大学治理对谈
发布时间：2018-08-18 08:04
【摘要】：大学治理是世界高等教育变革的共同趋势,也是中美两国大学发展关注的话题。由于不同的文化、传统和环境,中美两国大学在治理上表现出明显差异。从治理结构看,中国大学实行党政统一领导管理,党政机构是治理结构的核心,学术委员会等发挥补充作用;重心在学校,院系缺乏办学自主权;美国大学享有法定的自治权,教师、行政和董事会形成较为均衡的分享治理结构,重心在院系。从利益相关者的作用看,两国大学都注重多元利益相关者参与治理,但中国大学党政领导权力发挥主导作用,教师和学生等的影响微弱;美国大学行政领导也具有很大权力,但行政与教师是协商合作关系,教师发挥着重要的影响,学生和其他群体的作用有限。从治理变革趋势看,中国大学治理日益受到国际化、市场化和社会专业组织的影响,但经费的影响不是主要的;美国大学治理则受国际化和社会组织的影响较小,而更多地受到经费紧张的影响。
[Abstract]:University governance is a common trend of higher education reform in the world and a topic of concern for the development of universities in China and the United States. Because of different cultures, traditions and environments, Chinese and American universities show significant differences in governance. From the point of view of the governance structure, Chinese universities are under the unified leadership of the party and government, the party and government organizations are the core of the governance structure, and academic committees play a complementary role; the focus is on the schools, and the departments lack the autonomy to run a school; and American universities enjoy statutory autonomy. Teachers, administration and board of directors form a more balanced shared governance structure, with a focus on faculties and departments. From the perspective of the role of stakeholders, universities in both countries pay attention to the participation of multiple stakeholders in governance, but the leading role of the party and government leadership in Chinese universities is weak, and the influence of teachers and students is weak. The executive leadership of American universities also has a lot of power. However, the relationship between administration and teachers is consultative and cooperative, teachers play an important role, and students and other groups play a limited role. From the perspective of the trend of governance reform, Chinese university governance is increasingly influenced by internationalization, marketization and social professional organizations, but the influence of funding is not the main one, while American university governance is less influenced by internationalization and social organization. And more by the impact of funding constraints.
【作者单位】： 厦门大学高等教育发展研究中心;波士顿学院国际高等教育研究中心;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金教育学一般课题“现代大学制度研究——历史与现实的反思”(BIA130082)
【分类号】：G647
本文编号：2188865
[Abstract]:University governance is a common trend of higher education reform in the world and a topic of concern for the development of universities in China and the United States. Because of different cultures, traditions and environments, Chinese and American universities show significant differences in governance. From the point of view of the governance structure, Chinese universities are under the unified leadership of the party and government, the party and government organizations are the core of the governance structure, and academic committees play a complementary role; the focus is on the schools, and the departments lack the autonomy to run a school; and American universities enjoy statutory autonomy. Teachers, administration and board of directors form a more balanced shared governance structure, with a focus on faculties and departments. From the perspective of the role of stakeholders, universities in both countries pay attention to the participation of multiple stakeholders in governance, but the leading role of the party and government leadership in Chinese universities is weak, and the influence of teachers and students is weak. The executive leadership of American universities also has a lot of power. However, the relationship between administration and teachers is consultative and cooperative, teachers play an important role, and students and other groups play a limited role. From the perspective of the trend of governance reform, Chinese university governance is increasingly influenced by internationalization, marketization and social professional organizations, but the influence of funding is not the main one, while American university governance is less influenced by internationalization and social organization. And more by the impact of funding constraints.
【作者单位】： 厦门大学高等教育发展研究中心;波士顿学院国际高等教育研究中心;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金教育学一般课题“现代大学制度研究——历史与现实的反思”(BIA130082)
【分类号】：G647
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