政府义务教育能力研究

发布时间：2018-06-04 05:19

本文选题：政府义务教育能力 + 政府职能定位　；参考：《中国政法大学》2008年硕士论文

【摘要】： 义务教育是国之根本,邓小平曾提出要千方百计地把教育问题解决好,这体现了政府发展教育的目标和决心。改革开放以来,义务教育得到了党和政府的高度重视,有了很大的发展。但是,我国义务教育的现状令人担忧,尤其是普遍存在的义务教育质量不均衡现象更是逐年加剧。导致这些问题的原因有很多,核心是政府义务教育能力的不足。因而政府如何提升义务教育能力是我国今后一段时期迫切需要解决的问题。本文以公共产品理论和公共选择理论为基石,指出政府义务教育能力主要受制于政府职能定位、财政资源多寡和公共选择机制的完善与否。通过对我国近代以来义务教育发展的历史分析和对以英美法为代表的分散、相对集中和集中三种政府义务教育能力模式的比较分析,为我国政府义务教育能力提供了历史与现实,古今中外,正面与反面的参照系。其中的经验教训成为分析我国政府义务教育能力的基准,也是完善我国政府义务教育能力的前车之鉴与指路明灯。这就是理清义务教育作为各级政府职能、保障义务教育的财政支持和完善公共选择机制三大法宝。全文共有五部分,第一部分论述了与政府能力相关的三个概念。政府职能定位、财政资源多寡以及公共选择机制;并分别介绍了政府职能与政府能力的关系、财政资源与政府能力的关系以及公共选择机制与政府能力的关系。第二部分阐释了中国建国以来政府义务教育能力的发展历程;并通过对建国以来中国政府义务教育能力的历史回顾,总结出几点历史经验。第三部分分别从政府职能角度、财政资源角度以及公共选择机制上,分析我国政府义务教育能力存在问题。第四部分借鉴英国、法国、美国政府义务教育能力的经验,提出完善中国政府义务教育能力的几点建议。第五部分针对第三部分提出的政府义务教育能力存在的问题,借鉴第二部分介绍的历史经验以及第四部分阐述的国外经验,提出完善政府义务教育能力的若干建议。
[Abstract]:Compulsory education is the foundation of our country. Deng Xiaoping has proposed to solve the problem of education in every possible way, which reflects the goal and determination of the government to develop education. Since the reform and opening up, compulsory education has been highly valued by the Party and the government, with great development. However, the current situation of compulsory education in China is worrying, especially the widespread imbalance in the quality of compulsory education is aggravated year by year. There are many reasons for these problems, the core is the lack of government compulsory education capacity. Therefore, how to improve the ability of compulsory education is an urgent problem to be solved in the future. Based on the theory of public goods and the theory of public choice, this paper points out that the ability of government compulsory education is mainly restricted by the orientation of government functions, the amount of financial resources and the perfection of public choice mechanism. Through the historical analysis of the development of compulsory education since modern times in our country and the comparative analysis of the three modes of government compulsory education ability, which are represented by Anglo-American law, relatively concentrated and concentrated. It provides the history and reality for our government's ability of compulsory education, the reference frame of Chinese and foreign history, positive and negative. The experience and lessons are the basis for analyzing the ability of compulsory education of our government, and also a guide for perfecting the ability of compulsory education of our government. This is to clarify compulsory education as a government function at all levels, to ensure the financial support of compulsory education and to improve the public choice mechanism. There are five parts in this paper. The first part discusses three concepts related to government capacity. It also introduces the relationship between government function and government ability, the relationship between financial resource and government ability, and the relationship between public choice mechanism and government ability. The second part explains the development course of the government's compulsory education ability since the founding of the people's Republic of China, and sums up several historical experiences by reviewing the history of the Chinese government's compulsory education ability since the founding of the people's Republic of China. The third part analyzes the problems of our government's compulsory education ability from the angle of government function, financial resources and public choice mechanism. The fourth part draws lessons from the experience of the British, French and American governments in compulsory education, and puts forward some suggestions on how to improve the Chinese government's compulsory education capacity. The fifth part aims at the existing problems of the government compulsory education ability in the third part, draws lessons from the historical experience introduced in the second part and the foreign experience elaborated in the fourth part, and puts forward some suggestions to perfect the government compulsory education ability.
【学位授予单位】：中国政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：G522.3

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