反社会型人格特质的结构及其与父母教养方式的关系

发布时间：2018-03-31 02:13

本文选题：反社会型人格特质　切入点：中文形容词　出处：《浙江大学》2009年博士论文

【摘要】： 背景反社会型人格障碍(Antisocial Personality Disorder,APD)的主要表现为“时刻存在的藐视、侵犯他人权利的行为方式”,该障碍多始于儿童和青少年早期,并持续发展至成年(American Psychiatric Association,1968)。由于反社会型人格障碍的个体常常不遵守社会准则,经常违反社会法规或法律,甚至会对他人造成人身危害,对维持社会的安定和谐构成威胁。在中国文化中,反社会型人格特质的结构可能会受到集体主义的影响;父母教养方式则是反社会型人格特质发展的根源性影响因素之一。因此,深入开展反社会型人格特质及其影响因素的研究则显得尤为重要。目的 (1)探索中国文化中反社会型人格特质的结构; (2)阐明父母教养方式与反社会型人格特质的关系。方法 (1)我们首先从字典中选取了描述反社会型人格的形容词,制定一份由48个形容词组成的、与反社会型人格相关的形容词列表。之后,我们选取了301名大学生被试对该形容词列表进行自我评价,由此我们得出反社会型人格特质中文形容词描述问卷(The Chinese Adjectival Descriptors for AntisocialPersonality Trait,CADAP)。 (2)我们选取了448名大学生被试对CADAP进行自我评价。(3)我们选取了787名被试(青少年167名、成人大学生422名、人格障碍患者198名)对父母教养方式评价问卷Parental Bonding Instrument(PBI)和人格障碍特质维度问卷Dimensional Assessment of Personality Pathology(DAPP)进行自我评价。结果 (1)反社会型人格特质的结构由三个因子组成,即“凶狠的(Fierce andMalicious)”,“进攻性的(Assaulting)”和“气量狭小的(Intolerant)”。这一结构涵盖了情感、行为和人际关系等三方面特征。 (2)我们开发的问卷CADAP具有良好的信度和结构效度;并在中国大学生人群中建立了性别维度的CADAP常模。 (3)PBI的父亲量表和母亲量表均得了三因子的结构,分别被定义为关爱(Care),自由控制(Freedom Control)和自主性拒绝(Autonomy Denail)。这一结构与在北美和欧洲文化中的研究结果基本一致。 (4)PBI尺度对DAPP中反社会型人格特质有预测作用:高水平的母亲自主性拒绝预测高水平的认知歪曲、刺激寻求、冷酷、被动攻击、主观拒绝、行为不良和猜疑等与反社会型人格相关的特质;低水平的母亲关爱预测高水平的刺激寻求、被动攻击、主观拒绝和行为不良等;低水平的父亲关爱和高水平的父亲自由控制预测了行为不良。结论 (1)首次采用词汇学方法,获得了反社会型人格特质的结构;在中国文化中,为了迎合集体主义的社交要求,人们会控制反社会情绪的外在表达(尤其是犯罪行为),将其转化为内化特征。 (2)消极的父母教养方式特别是双亲的低关爱、高自主性控制促进了反社会型人格特质的发展。
[Abstract]:Background. Antisocial Personality disorder (APD) is characterized by "constant contempt, violation of the rights of others," which often begins in the early stages of childhood and adolescence. And continued to develop into adulthood, American Psychiatric Association.Because individuals with antisocial personality disorders often do not abide by social norms, often violate social laws or laws, or even cause personal harm to others. It threatens to maintain social stability and harmony. In Chinese culture, the structure of antisocial personality traits may be influenced by collectivism. Parental rearing style is one of the root influencing factors of the development of antisocial personality traits, therefore, it is particularly important to carry out in-depth research on antisocial personality traits and their influencing factors. Purpose. 1) to explore the structure of antisocial personality in Chinese culture; (2) to clarify the relationship between parental rearing style and antisocial personality traits. Method. We first selected adjectives describing antisocial personality from the dictionary, and made a list of 48 adjectives related to antisocial personality. We selected 301 college students for self-evaluation of the adjective list, and then we obtained the Chinese Adjectival Descriptors for AntisocialPersonality description questionnaire for Chinese adjectives of antisocial personality traits. We selected 448 college students for self-evaluation of CADAP.) We selected 787 subjects (167 adolescents, 422 adult college students). A total of 198 patients with personality disorder were assessed by Parental Bonding instrument (PBI) and Dimensional Assessment of Personality Pathology (DAPP). Results. (1) the structure of antisocial personality is composed of three factors, that is, "fierce fierce and Maliciousness"," aggressive Assaulting" and "Intolerantant". This structure covers three aspects: emotion, behavior and interpersonal relationship. 2) the questionnaire CADAP has good reliability and structural validity, and the CADAP norm of gender dimension has been established in Chinese college students. The father's scale and the mother's scale of PBI had a three-factor structure, which were defined as caretaker, Freedom Control and Autonomy denial respectively. This structure was basically consistent with the results of studies in North American and European cultures. PBI scales predict antisocial personality traits in DAPP: high levels of maternal autonomy refuse to predict high levels of cognitive distortion, stimulus seeking, cold, passive aggression, subjective rejection, The traits related to antisocial personality, such as behavioral disorder and suspicion, low level of maternal care, prediction of high level of stimulation seeking, passive attack, subjective rejection and bad behavior, etc. Low levels of fatherhood and high levels of paternal free control predict bad behavior. Conclusion. In order to meet the social needs of collectivism in Chinese culture, the structure of antisocial personality traits has been obtained for the first time in lexicology. People control the external expression of antisocial emotions (especially criminal behavior) and turn them into internalized characteristics. (2) negative parental rearing style, especially low parental care and high autonomy control promote the development of antisocial personality traits.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：B844.2

【引证文献】