生命超越:文学最深层的永恒主题

发布时间：2018-12-11 10:11

【摘要】：生命超越是人的生命的本质特征,当人与外在世界发生关系时,希望摆脱外在自然规律的限制,超越动物那样的自然奴隶的身份,实现人与外在自然的和谐关系;同时,人更渴望摆脱自身内在的限制,实现人与自我的和谐关系,达到神那样的无限性和神圣性。生命超越一开始就是一种精神超越,它是一种信仰、态度、理想、希望,本质上是人面对一个异化的世界既无能为力而又心有不甘的产物,表达着人不满足于不完美的生存状态而渴求完美、升华的追求。"生命超越"存在于各种话语中,不同时代、不同文化对其解释各有不同。但就人的生命本身而言,则积淀着人类代代相袭又生生不息的内在诉求,是人类永恒不灭的情结。当这一情结诉诸于文学世界时,就构成了文学的最深层的永恒主题:"生命超越"。正是"生命超越"主题的存在,人们可以俯瞰人类生命的过去,把握人类生命的未来,生命在文学显现中得以永恒。生命超越主题研究不同于哲学、伦理学、心理学、美学等生命超越研究,它立足于非概念的形象性、非逻辑的想象性、非信仰的情感性,来探讨不同民族文学经典中超越主题的价值及其差异,追寻一种超时空的文化意义,具有跨越国别和民族界限的共通意义。这不仅是一种超越意象的外在把握,也是一种超越意义的内在探求;不仅是一种超越形态的历史整理,也是一种超越心理的文化剖析;不仅是一种超越意蕴的显意识描述,也是一种超越逻辑的潜意识的揭示。
[Abstract]:Life transcendence is the essential characteristic of human life. When the relationship between man and the outside world takes place, he hopes to get rid of the restriction of external natural law, transcend the status of natural slave like animal, and realize the harmonious relationship between man and external nature. At the same time, people are eager to get rid of their own internal limitations, realize the harmonious relationship between human beings and themselves, and achieve the infinite and sacred nature of God. The beginning of life transcendence is a spiritual transcendence, it is a belief, attitude, ideal, hope, essentially is the human face of a alienated world both powerless and unwilling product, It expresses the pursuit of perfection and sublimation, instead of being satisfied with the imperfect state of existence. " Life transcendence "exists in all kinds of discourse, different times and different cultures have different interpretations of it." However, as far as human life itself is concerned, it is the eternal complex of human beings that human beings inherit from generation to generation and live on. When this complex appeals to the literary world, it constitutes the deepest eternal theme of literature: life transcendence. It is the existence of the theme of "transcendence of life" that people can look down upon the past of human life, grasp the future of human life, and make life eternal in literature. The study of life transcendence is different from that of philosophy, ethics, psychology, aesthetics and so on. It is based on the non-conceptual visualization, non-logical imagination, non-belief emotion, etc. In order to explore the value and difference of transcendence theme in different national literature classics and to seek a cultural meaning beyond time and space, it has the common meaning of crossing the national and national boundaries. This is not only an external grasp of transcendental image, but also an internal exploration of transcendental meaning, not only a sort of historical arrangement of transcendental form, but also a cultural analysis of transcendental psychology. It is not only a conscious description of transcendence, but also a subconscious revelation of transcendence logic.
【作者单位】：天津师范大学文学院;
【分类号】：G40

【共引文献】