美国国家教育权配置特点分析

发布时间：2018-01-11 23:26

本文关键词：美国国家教育权配置特点分析　出处：《中国高教研究》2010年12期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：国家教育权是指国家管理教育的权力。在美国,国家教育权的配置方式具有自身的特点。从纵向维度看:美国国家教育权属于各州的保留权力,同时联邦政府依据宪法规定也可以通过拨款等形式促进教育发展。在美国各州,基于办学层次和举办性质不同,教育权的配置方式有所不同。从横向维度看:联邦国会拥有教育法案立法权以及其他三项重要教育权,州议会拥有议决教育预算及决算等教育权;总统对美国教育行政有重要影响,和教育相关的联邦行政机构主要有教育部和国务院,分别行使不同教育职权,州教育行政权主要掌握在州长和州教育董事会手中;司法对美国教育的影响越来越大,尤其是最高法院的判决直接影响美国教育政策的走向。
[Abstract]:National right of education refers to the power of the state to manage education. In the United States, the mode of allocation of national right of education has its own characteristics. From the vertical dimension, the right of national education in the United States belongs to the reserved power of the states. At the same time, the federal government can also promote the development of education by means of grants and other forms of constitutional provisions. In the states of the United States, there are different levels of schooling and the nature of the organization. From the horizontal dimension, the federal Congress has the legislative power of education act and three other important educational rights, and the state legislature has the education right of solving the education budget and final accounts. The President has an important influence on the administration of education in the United States. The federal administrative agencies related to education mainly include the Department of Education and the State Department, which exercise different educational functions and powers respectively. The executive power of state education is mainly in the hands of the governor and the board of state education. The influence of judicature on American education is more and more great, especially the Supreme Court's decision directly affects the trend of American education policy.
【作者单位】：教育部教育发展研究中心;
【分类号】：G571.2
【正文快照】： 国家教育权是指政府通过国家权力行使教育权,是相对于家庭教育权、社会教育权而言的[1],是国家管理教育的权力。16世纪以来,由于意识到教育的重要性,越来越多的国家开始介入到教育发展,把教育列为重要的国家事务,国家教育权也随之形成和扩展,这必然带来国家教育权的配置问题

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