汉族、藏族和回族大学生族群认同与群际归因的跨文化研究

发布时间：2018-04-01 09:46

本文选题：少数族群　切入点：大学生　出处：《西北师范大学》2002年硕士论文

【摘要】： 族群认同与群际归因是当前学术界包括人类学、社会学、心理学等学科普遍关注的问题。近20年来，国外学者在这一领域取得了一些有价值的学术研究成果，而我国在这方面的研究起步较晚，几乎还还没有实证性的研究。结合访谈，本研究采用自编的《汉族、藏族和回族大学生族群认同问卷》和《汉族、藏族和回族大学生群际归因问卷》对204名汉族、193名藏族和166名回族大学生的族群认同、群际归因的现状以及族群认同与群际归因的关系进行了考察。主要的研究结果如下： 1、藏族大学生的族群认同比汉族和回族大学生的族群认同更明显也更容易表露，而汉族和回族大学生的族群认同则更隐蔽，也不易表露。 2、不论从总体还是从各个族群间来看，女大学生对族群的认同总比男大学生更强，尤其在情感方面。 3、从总体上讲，，来自牧区的大学生比来自农村、城镇和城市的大学生在认知和行为上的得分高，并达到了显著性；而来自农村、城镇和城市的大学生比来自牧区的大学生在情感上的得分高，也达到了显著性。从各个族群来看，除了来自城市的汉族大学生在认知上比来自城镇的大学生的得分高，来自牧区的大学生在行为上比来自农村、城镇和城市的大学生得分高之外，各个族群内部不存在差异。 4、父母亲的文化程度对各族群的认同不存在任何影响。 5、在成功方面，汉族和回族大学生更倾向于内部归因，而藏族大学生则更倾向于外部归因，都达到了显著性；在失败方面，藏族大学生虽然在内因上的得分高于汉族和回族大学生，但不显著，而在外部的归因上则达到了显著性。 6、从总体上讲，农村、城镇和城市的大学生比牧区的大学生更倾向于对成功进行内部归因，而牧区的大学生则更倾向于外部归因，同时牧区的大学生也更倾向于对失败进行外部归因。这些差异都达到了显著性。从各个族群来看，来自农村、城镇和城市的汉族大学生对成功更倾向于进行外部归因，城市的大学生对失败更倾向于作外部归因；藏族和回族大学生在成功方面的得分不存在差异，但在失败方面，来自牧区的藏族大学生更倾向于作出外部归因，来自城镇的回族大学生来自比农村的大学更倾向于进行外部归因。虽然城市的回族大学生虽然在得分比农村大学生高，但没有达到显著水平。 7、在总体性别归因的成功方面，女大学生在内部因素上的得分显著高于男大学生，并达到了显著性的水平，而男大学生在外部因素上的得分则高于女大学生，但没有达到显著性水平；在失败方面，女大学生在内部因素上的得分高于男大学生，男大学生在外部因素上的得分高于女大学生，但都未达到显著性。在各个族群的性别归因上，除了回族男大学生在成功的外因方面得分比女大学生高，并达到了显著性水平外，汉族、藏族和回族大学生在归因上不存在性别上的内部差异。 8、父母亲的文化程度在各族群归因上不存在任何影响。 9、汉族、藏族和回族无论其对各自族群的认同如何，但在归因上都达到了显著性的一致，即他们都表现出了对各自族群利益的维护，都做出了有利于本族群的归因。
[Abstract]:In recent 20 years , foreign scholars have made some valuable academic research achievements in the field of anthropology , sociology , psychology and so on . In recent 20 years , foreign scholars have made some valuable academic research achievements in this field .

1 . The ethnic identity of Tibetan college students is more obvious than that of Han nationality and Hui nationality college students .

2 . The identity of female college students to the ethnic group is better than male college students , especially in terms of emotion , whether from the whole or from the various ethnic groups .

3 . Generally speaking , college students from pastoral areas have higher scores in cognition and behavior than those from rural , urban and urban areas , and have reached significance ;
The scores of college students from rural , urban and urban areas were higher than those from the pastoral areas , and the significance was also reached .

In addition to the higher scores of college students from the urban areas , college students from the pastoral areas have higher scores than those from rural , urban and urban areas , and there are no differences among the various ethnic groups .

4 . The cultural degree of parents does not have any influence on the identity of the ethnic groups .

5 . In terms of success , the Han nationality and Hui nationality university students are more inclined to internal attribution , while the Tibetan college students are more inclined to the external attribution , all have reached the significance ;
In the aspect of failure , the scores of Tibetan college students in the internal cause were higher than those of Han nationality and Hui nationality college students , but not significantly , while the external attribution had reached significance .

6 . Generally speaking , college students in rural , urban and urban areas are more inclined to the internal attribution of success than those in the pastoral areas , while the college students in the pastoral areas are more inclined to external attribution , while the college students in the pastoral areas are more inclined to external attribution to failure . These differences have reached significance .

From various ethnic groups , Han college students from rural , urban and urban areas are more prone to external attribution , and university students in cities tend to be more interested in external attribution ;
There is no difference in the scores of Tibetan and Hui nationality students in the success , but in failure , Tibetan college students from the pastoral areas are more inclined to make the external attribution , and the Hui nationality college students from towns are more inclined to external attribution than the rural universities . Although the city ' s Hui nationality college students are higher than the rural college students , they do not reach a significant level .

7 . In terms of the success of the overall gender attribution , the scores of female college students on internal factors were significantly higher than those of male college students .

The score of male college students on external factors is higher than that of female college students , but there is no significant level .

In failure , female college students scored higher on internal factors than male college students , male students scored on external factors

It was higher than female college students , but did not reach significance .

In addition to Hui nationality , male college students scored higher than female college students on the basis of gender attribution of various ethnic groups .

There was no significant difference in gender in Han , Tibetan and Hui nationality students except for the significance level .

8 . The cultural degree of parents does not have any influence on the attribution of each ethnic group .

9 . The Han , Tibetan and Hui people , regardless of their identity of their respective ethnic groups , have reached a significant agreement in the attribution of attribution , that is ,

They all demonstrated the preservation of the interests of their respective communities and contributed to the attribution of this ethnic group .

【学位授予单位】：西北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2002
【分类号】：G755.5

【引证文献】