高中生对同性亲密行为的态度与内隐性别角色刻板印象的关系研究

发布时间：2018-03-03 08:31

本文选题：同性亲密行为　切入点：内隐性别角色刻板印象　出处：《内蒙古师范大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：男与女这两种性别，在不同的社会背景下，有着不同的要求与规范，从而使他们在人际交往中，出现不同的行为方式：男性间的同伴关系更关注对共同任务的参与，而很少表现出亲密的动作举止；而女性间的同伴关系则因为更需要依恋和情感的关注所以显得更亲密。这也导致男女间的同性亲密行为会有所不同：男性之间的亲密行为，更多的表现在握手、搂肩上；女性之间的亲密行为则更多是牵手、拥抱等。而这些亲密行为方式，又受到人们所在的社会背景下形成的对性别角色的刻板印象的影响。高中阶段的青少年处在一个生理与心理的过渡期，是一个加强心理性别观念的关键时期，这个时期的青少年进一步提高了对男性和女性的性别刻板印象，使其更趋向于社会传统的性别观念。本研究试图通过实验的方法，来了解高中生对同性亲密行为的态度（从外显和内隐两个层面上分别研究），以及他们对性别角色的内隐刻板印象如何，同时还考察这两者之间可能存在着的关系。文中用了两个实验来对上述的问题进行了研究，实验一采用了2（被试性别：男、女）×2（目标人物性别：男男、女女）×3（亲密行为类型：牵手、搂肩、亲吻）的纸笔测验混合实验设计，对同性亲密行为的外显态度进行研究，采用IAT（内隐联想测验）的实验范式，对内隐性别角色刻板印象进行研究；实验二则采用了IAT的实验范式，对同性亲密行为的内隐态度进行研究，采用SEB（刻板解释偏差）的实验范式，对内隐性别角色刻板印象进行研究。综合两个实验的结果，本研究得出了如下结论：（1）高中生对同性亲密行为的外显态度，受到被试性别、目标人物性别、亲密行为类型的影响。男性被试更不愿意接受同性间的亲密行为；男性之间的亲密行为更不被高中生所接受；搂肩相比于牵手和亲吻更容易被接受，而亲吻则不被接受。同时，有两个交互作用，一个是目标人物性别与亲密行为类型的交互作用，，被试更愿意接受男性之间的搂肩行为与女性之间的牵手行为，而不愿意接受男性的牵手行为和女性的搂肩行为；另一个是被试性别、目标人物性别、亲密行为类型这三者的交互作用，女性被试对两个性别的搂肩行为的接受度没有差异，对女性的搂肩与牵手行为的接受度也没有差异；而男性被试更愿意接受男性之间的搂肩行为，和女性之间的牵手行为。（2）高中生对同性亲密行为的内隐态度，受到被试性别这一因素的影响。男性被试更不愿意接受同性间的亲密行为。（3）高中生存在明显的内隐性别角色刻板印象（基于钱铭怡等人于1999年对中国大学生的性别刻板印象的研究结果而言）。且对于男性的刻板印象，男性被试比女性被试的水平更高。（4）高中生的内隐性别角色刻板印象水平越高，则越不能接受同性间的亲密行为。
[Abstract]:The two sexes, men and women, have different demands and norms in different social contexts, which make them behave differently in their interpersonal relationships: men's peer relationships are more concerned with their participation in common tasks. Women's peer relationships are more intimate because they need more attachment and emotional attention. This also leads to differences in same-sex intimacy between men and women: intimate behavior between men and women. The intimacy between women is affected by the stereotype of gender roles formed in the social context. Young people in senior high school are in a period of physical and psychological transition, which is a critical period to strengthen the psychological gender concept. In this period, teenagers have further enhanced their gender stereotyping of men and women. To make it more in line with the social traditions of the gender concept. The present study attempts to understand the attitudes of high school students towards same-sex intimate behavior through experimental methods (from the explicit and implicit levels, respectively) and how they perceive the implicit stereotype of gender roles. Two experiments were used to study the above problems. Experiment 1 used 2 (sex: male, female) 脳 2 (target sex: male: male). Female) 脳 3 (intimate behavior type: holding hands, hugging shoulder, kissing) a mixed experiment design of paper and pen test to study the explicit attitude of the same sex intimate behavior, using the IAT-based experimental paradigm of implicit association test, The second experiment adopts IAT's experimental paradigm to study the implicit attitude of the same sex intimate behavior, and adopts the SEB-based experimental paradigm of explaining deviations. This paper studies the stereotype of implicit gender roles. Combined with the results of the two experiments, this study draws the following conclusions:. (1) the explicit attitude of high school students to the intimate behavior of the same sex was influenced by the sex of the subjects, the sex of the target person and the type of intimate behavior. The male subjects were more reluctant to accept the intimate behavior of the same sex; Male intimacy was less accepted by high school students; holding shoulders was easier to accept than holding hands and kissing, but kissing was not. There were also two interactions. One is the interaction between the sex of the target person and the type of intimate behavior. The subjects are more willing to accept the behavior of holding shoulder and holding hands between the male and the female, rather than accepting the behavior of holding hands of the male and the behavior of holding the shoulder of the female. The other is the interaction of gender, target character gender and intimate behavior type. There is no difference in the acceptance of the two sexes, and there is no difference in the acceptance between the female and the female. Men were more likely to accept shoulder-to-shoulder behavior and women's hand-holding behavior. (2) the implicit attitude of high school students to the intimate behavior of the same sex was influenced by the sex of the subjects, and the male subjects were more reluctant to accept the intimate behavior of the same sex. (3) there is obvious implicit gender role stereotype in senior high school students (based on the results of Qian Mingyi's research on gender stereotype of Chinese college students in 1999) and the male students' stereotype is higher than that of female's. 4) the higher the level of implicit gender role stereotype, the more unacceptable the intimate behavior of the same sex.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：G444;G635.5

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