留守学生的心理健康与人格特点的相关性研究

发布时间：2018-08-07 21:54

【摘要】：【目的】了解农村留守中学生心理健康状况,及留守学生与非留守学生人格特点的差异。【方法】采用心理健康诊断测验(MHT)、艾森克个性调查问卷(少年版)对重庆市278名农村中学生进行调查。【结果】1)在278名农村学生中,心理问题发生率为6.5%;2)农村留守学生MHT总分、自责倾向因子分高于非留守学生(42.8±1.4,33.4±1.7,t=3.52;6.1±0.2,4.5±0.3,t=3.58,P均0.01);3)留守组EPQ人格问卷中精神质、情绪稳定性因子分显著高于非留守组(5.64±3.21,3.29±2.68,t=4.307;15.61±4.53,8.73±4.71,t=7.355,P均0.01),掩饰性因子分却显著低于非留守组(10.50±4.29,13.04±4.54,t=-2.828,P0.01);4)相关分析表明留守学生MHT总分与精神质、情绪稳定性呈显著正相关,与掩饰性呈显著负相关;其中情绪稳定性与MHT各因子呈显著正相关,精神质与MHT的大多因子正相关;而内外向与MHT总分和各因子都无显著相关;5)EPQ人格各因子能解释MHT总分、学习焦虑、冲动倾向、身体症状、对人焦虑、过敏倾向因子21%～49%的变异。而情绪稳定性对心理健康水平影响最大,对MHT总分最具有预测力,单独解释量达49%。【结论】农村留守中学生存在较多心理问题,留守学生较非留守学生人格上存在更多问题,也对其心理健康起到重要作用。因此家长、代养人、学校应采取多种方式充分塑造和培养留守学生良好个性。
[Abstract]:[objective] to understand the mental health status of left-behind middle school students in rural areas, [methods] (MHT), Eysenck Personality questionnaire (juvenile version) was used to investigate 278 rural middle school students in Chongqing. Out of 278 rural students, The incidence of psychological problems was 6.5 / 2) the total MHT score of rural left-behind students was higher than that of non-left-behind students (42.8 卤1.40.33.4 卤1.7) (6.1 卤0.22) 4.5 卤0.3t3.58 (P0.01) 3) the mental quality of EPQ personality questionnaire in the left-behind group was higher than that in non-left-behind students. The score of emotional stability factor was significantly higher than that of non-left-behind group (5.64 卤3.21 卤3.29 卤2.68) (4.307 卤4.53 卤15.61 卤4.53 卤8.73 卤4.71), but the score of camouflage factor was significantly lower than that of non-left-behind group (10.50 卤4.2913.04 卤4.54t-2.828P0.01). Emotional stability was positively correlated with the factors of MHT, psychoticism was positively correlated with most of the factors of MHT, while introversion and extroversion had no significant correlation with the total score of MHT and every factor. 5) the factors of EPQ personality could explain the total score of MHT, learning anxiety and impulsive tendency. Physical symptoms, anxiety, allergy factor 21% variation. Emotional stability had the greatest influence on mental health, and had the most predictive effect on the total score of MHT. [conclusion] there were more psychological problems in rural left-behind middle school students than in non-left-behind students, and there were more problems in personality of left-behind students than those of non-left-behind students. It also plays an important role in their mental health. Therefore, parents, surrogates, schools should take a variety of ways to fully shape and cultivate left-behind students good personality.
【作者单位】：四川攀枝花学院医学院;
【分类号】：B844.2

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