小学阶段仪式教育的现状调查与策略研究

发布时间：2018-04-01 12:36

本文选题：仪式教育　切入点：小学阶段　出处：《扬州大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：我们所倡导的教育已经不再是单纯地向学生传授科学文化知识,而是更加关注学生心理健康和道德素养的发展。在这一教育背景下,一种独特的行为方式正逐渐走入教育领域,这就是仪式。在人一生所受的教育中,仪式教育是十分重要的组成部分,尤其是在小学这一特殊阶段,仪式教育因其在思想和情感方面特有的凝聚力和感染力,地位就更加凸显了。当仪式进入教育场域中与学校有机结合时,其显性和隐性教育作用得以发挥。本文以探究仪式和仪式教育的含义为文章的出发点,笔者认为仪式教育是一种独特的教育方式,即教育工作者依据预定的教育目标和计划通过具有象征性、表演性、文化性的行为方式和程序对受教育者施加影响,促使其在认知层面上将仪式中的规范和程序内化为自身知识,在情感层面上感悟仪式内容中的正面能量,最终实现受教育者全面健康可持续发展的教育方式。小学是人生中一个重要的阶段,小学生的身心特点决定了他们有着非常强的可塑性和无限发展的可能性,生动而形象、感染力与趣味性并存的仪式活动会给小学生留下深刻而持久的印象,达到意想不到的教育效果。因此本文就试着从“小学阶段”这一特殊的阶段,选取某些常规仪式活动的开展状况作为研究内容,以笔者实习所在的小学为调研学校,深入调查该学校仪式教育活动开展的实况,通过个体反映整体,透视出当前小学阶段仪式教育中面临的现实困境。由研究得出当前小学阶段仪式教育存在的问题主要有:仪式活动开展的过于形式化和流程化,表演色彩过重,缺少贴近学生生活的活动内容;仪式活动忽视学生的主体地位,学校领导唱独角戏;仪式活动缺乏适当的评价与反馈。究其原因首先是观念上的问题,师生对仪式教育认知存在偏差;另外,仪式教育者对学生的情感体验不重视;仪式教育师资力量匮乏,教师的仪式教育专业素养普遍不高。通过以上对仪式教育的梳理和分析研究,笔者进一步探索小学阶段仪式教育的改进策略,尝试提出以下建议:第一,重塑理念,凸显育人功能,关注学生的主体地位;第二,选择实质性的教育内容,创新仪式教育的方法;第三,整合学校教育资源,开发独具特色的校本课程;第四,探索多元评价方式,健全评价体系;第五,成立专门机构,加强仪式教育师资力量,以期更好地发挥其育人的实际效能,促进小学阶段仪式教育的蓬勃发展。
[Abstract]:The education we advocate is no longer simply to impart scientific and cultural knowledge to students, but to pay more attention to the development of students' mental health and moral literacy.In this educational background, a unique behavior is gradually moving into the field of education, which is ritual.Ritual education is a very important part in the education of one's life, especially in the special stage of primary school. The status of ritual education is more prominent because of its special cohesion and influence in thought and emotion.When ritual enters the field of education and combines with school organically, its explicit and implicit educational function can be brought into play.The author thinks that ritual education is a unique way of education, that is, according to the predetermined educational goal and plan, the educator is symbolic and expressive.The cultural behavior and procedure exert influence on the educatee, urge them to internalize the norms and procedures in the ritual into their own knowledge, and to realize the positive energy in the content of the ceremony on the emotional level.Finally, we can realize the education mode of the educatee's overall healthy and sustainable development.Primary school is an important stage in life. The physical and mental characteristics of primary school students determine that they have very strong plasticity and infinite possibilities of development, vivid and vivid.Both infectious and interesting ritual activities will leave a deep and lasting impression on pupils and achieve unexpected educational effects.Therefore, this paper tries to select the development of some routine ritual activities as the research content from the special stage of "primary school", taking the primary school where I practice as the research school.By investigating the actual situation of the school's ritual education activities and reflecting the whole through the individual, we can find out the practical difficulties in the ritual education in the primary school stage.From the research, the main problems of ritual education in primary school are as follows: the ritual activities are carried out too formally and systematically, the performance color is too heavy, and the content of activities close to the students' life is lacking, and the ritual activities neglect the students' main position.School leaders sing monologues; ritual activities lack proper evaluation and feedback.The first reason is the problem of concept, teachers and students have deviations to the cognition of ritual education; in addition, ritual educators do not attach importance to students' emotional experience; the teachers of ritual education are short of teachers, and teachers' professional literacy of ritual education is generally not high.Through the above analysis and analysis of ritual education, the author further explores the improvement strategies of ritual education in primary school, and tries to put forward the following suggestions: first, to reshape the concept, highlight the educational function, and pay attention to the main position of students; second,Choose substantive education content, innovate the method of ritual education; third, integrate school education resources, develop unique school-based curriculum; fourth, explore multiple evaluation methods and perfect evaluation system; fifth, set up special institutions,The teachers of ritual education should be strengthened in order to give full play to their practical effect of educating people and to promote the vigorous development of ritual education in primary school.
【学位授予单位】：扬州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G621

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