中英小学母语作文教学对比研究

发布时间：2018-04-02 14:38

本文选题：中国　切入点：英国　出处：《辽宁师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：母语教学课程在任何一个国家都必不可少,其自身的诸多特点都决定了作文教学是各国母语教学的重难点。本文以笔者中外教学经验出发,结合实际,对中英两国小学母语教学进行比较,意在了解与借鉴英国母语教育的经验,探寻其中的诸多启示。文章除绪论和结语,共分为五个章节。第一章中英两国关于写作课程标准的对比研究由于每个国家的文化底蕴的不同、国情的不同、孩子生长环境的不同,每个国家对学生的写作水平也会有不同的标准和要求。由于两国在课标制定的分管机构不一致,造成课标在具体教学实施的过程中的标准不相同,中国更注重从专家的角度,英国则更严禁要经历一定的法律程序。两国在对不同学段学生习作能力的要求上也有差别,中国更注重对语言能力的把握,英国则侧重于兴趣与应用。第二章中英两国写作教科书的对比研究观察两国的作文教科书,两国都有各自的关于写作的教科书,我国大多随语文课本的作文教学内容进行作文训练,有一些学校自编了关于写作的校本课教材,题材大多与校园文化特色、学生的生活相关联。英国学校大多没有固定的教材,而是从国家统一的众多教材中选择符合本班学情的教学内容,随文习作的教学居多。第三章中英两国写作教学方法的比较研究两国在作文指导的表达形式、思维训练以及读者意识的培养等几方面都存在差异。中国更注重在词语运用的表达上进行训练,忽视了作文教学的思维训练,对读者意识的培养起步较晚;英国的作文教学则更注重学生自主、自由创作意识的培养,学会针对不同的作者进行不同文章的撰写。第四章中英两国习作修改的对比研究就两国在习作修改方面而言,两国都将自我修改与合作修改的方式放在了重要的地位,但在修改的侧重点上有所不同:英国将习作的观点、结构的修改以及校对作为侧重点;而词语运用、表达方式是我国作文修改的侧重点,更加关注学生是否做到了文从字顺,书写规范整洁。第五章我国作文教学的有益方法经过多方面的比较,对于我国小学语文作文教学会提出以下建议。第一,在教学内容的选择上应用的意义不容小觑,加强对实用文写作的指导力度;深入挖掘学生的探索能力与思维含量的作文。第二,有效作文指导方法必不可少:激发动机,培养兴趣;指导观察,培养能力;指导阅读,用于写作;把握立意,合作修改。第三,教师状态调整,学习英国的教师授课心态,积极促进工作,落实到实践教学之中。第四,挖掘作文与其他学科间的联系,形成真正开放的写作视野和创作思维。
[Abstract]:Mother-tongue teaching is indispensable in any country, and its own characteristics determine that composition teaching is the most important and difficult part of mother-tongue teaching in all countries.Based on the author's teaching experience at home and abroad, combined with the practice, this paper compares mother tongue teaching in primary schools between China and Britain, in order to understand and learn from the experience of mother tongue education in England, and to explore many enlightenments.In addition to the introduction and conclusion, the article is divided into five chapters.Chapter one: a Comparative study of Writing Curriculum Standards between China and Britain; due to the different cultural background, different national conditions and different children's growing environment, each country will have different standards and requirements for students' writing level.Because the two countries have different responsibilities in the curriculum standards, the standards of curriculum standards in the process of implementation are different. China pays more attention to the experts' point of view, and the United Kingdom is even more strictly forbidden to go through certain legal procedures.There are also differences between the two countries in terms of students' ability to study, with China paying more attention to language proficiency and Britain to interest and application.Chapter two: a Comparative study of Chinese and English Writing textbooks. The two countries have their own textbooks on writing, and most of our country carries out composition training along with the content of composition teaching in Chinese textbooks.Some schools have compiled school-based textbooks on writing, which are mostly related to the characteristics of campus culture and the life of students.Most British schools do not have a fixed teaching material, but choose the teaching content according to the situation of the class from the numerous teaching materials of national unity.The third chapter is a comparative study of the teaching methods of writing between China and Britain. There are differences in the forms of writing instruction, the training of thinking and the cultivation of readers' consciousness between the two countries.China pays more attention to the expression of words and expressions, neglects the thinking training of composition teaching, and starts late on the cultivation of readers' consciousness, while the composition teaching in Britain pays more attention to the cultivation of students' independent and free creative consciousness.Learn to write different articles for different authors.Chapter IV A Comparative study on the revision of Chinese and British works in terms of the two countries' revision, both countries put the self-revision and cooperative revision in an important position, but the emphasis of the revision is different: the British view of the work.The modification of structure and proofreading are the key points, while the use of words and expressions is the focus of Chinese composition revision, paying more attention to whether the students have done the following and the writing standard neatly.Chapter five: the beneficial methods of composition teaching in China are compared in many aspects, and the following suggestions are put forward for Chinese composition teaching in primary schools.First, the significance of application in the choice of teaching content should not be underestimated, and the guidance for practical writing should be strengthened, and the students' exploring ability and thinking content of composition should be deeply explored.Second, effective writing guidance methods are essential: motivating motivation, cultivating interest; guiding observation and developing ability; guiding reading for writing; grasping ideas and cooperating in revision.Third, teachers' state adjustment, learning English teachers teaching mentality, actively promoting work, into practice teaching.Fourth, explore the relationship between composition and other disciplines to form a true open writing vision and creative thinking.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G623.24

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