小学科学实验教学现状调查研究

发布时间：2018-04-02 18:43

本文选题：小学科学　切入点：实验教学　出处：《山东师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：当前课程改革强调实验教学的重要性,普及实验教学是推进基础教育改革和实施课程标准的重要保障。小学科学是小学学段一门非常重要的学科,它综合了自然科学各个领域最基本的内容,对于培养小学生的科学素养起至关重要的作用。科学课的传授离不开科学实验,做好科学实验可以培养学生的动手操作能力,提高学生的学习热情,增强学生的学习主动性。首先对当前实验教学及实验教学现状进行了梳理。其次编制了小学科学实验教学的调查问卷,从教师对科学实验教学的情况、学校对实验教学的支持情况、教师科学学科素养及培训和学生对科学实验的学习四个方面,对山东省6个城市24所学校171名科学老师进行调查。调查结果显示,科学教师都能在课前备课,但是没有很好地开展实验,有的甚至不做实验,只让学生背诵。即使开展实验,也不能很好地进行指导。学校没有配置足够的科学教师,多数科学老师都是语文、数学等学科老师兼职的,教师的专业知识较差。很多学校的实验室配置不足,实验室仪器不能及时更新。目前,很多教师没有有机会参加关于科学实验的培训,能参加的培训也多是级别较低的培训,培训水平不高,教师能得到的知识并不系统。学生的情况是虽然很喜欢上实验课,但是仅仅把实验课当成是和音乐、美术等学科一样是学习的调剂,除了课上时间摆弄实验仪器,敷衍的做做实验,课下从来不做探究。最后总结了当前山东省小学科学实验教学存在的一系列的问题,包括:对科学实验没有正确的认识,教师的实验技能低,教师接受的专业培训机会少,学校的实验条件差,学生缺乏学习兴趣。进而提出解决这些问题的五点建议:转变观念,提高科学的重视程度;加强教师教育,提高教师的专业素养;增加教育投入,改善实验条件;调整教学方法,调动学生学习的积极性。
[Abstract]:Primary school science is a very important subject in primary school. It synthesizes the most basic contents in all fields of natural science and plays an important role in cultivating the scientific literacy of primary school students.The teaching of science courses can not be separated from scientific experiments. Doing well in scientific experiments can cultivate students' hands-on ability, improve students' enthusiasm for learning and enhance students' initiative in learning.First of all, the current experimental teaching and experimental teaching status is combed.Secondly, the questionnaire of science experiment teaching in primary school is compiled, from four aspects: teachers' teaching of science experiment, the support of school to experiment teaching, the accomplishment and training of teachers' science subject, and the students' study of science experiment.171 science teachers in 24 schools in 6 cities of Shandong Province were investigated.The results show that science teachers can prepare lessons before class, but they do not carry out experiments well, some do not even do experiments, and only ask students to recite them.Even if the experiment is carried out, it cannot be well directed.The school does not have enough science teachers, most science teachers are Chinese, mathematics and other subjects teachers part-time, teachers' professional knowledge is poor.Many schools have inadequate laboratory facilities, and laboratory instruments cannot be updated in time.At present, many teachers do not have the opportunity to take part in the training on scientific experiments, and most of the training they can take part in is lower level training, the level of training is not high, and the knowledge that teachers can acquire is not systematic.The student's situation is that although very much like to take the experiment class, but only regards the experiment class as the same as the music, the fine arts and so on discipline is the study adjustment, besides the class time plays with the experimental instrument, perfunctorily does the experiment, under the class never makes the inquiry.Finally, this paper summarizes a series of problems existing in science experiment teaching in primary schools in Shandong Province, including: lack of correct understanding of scientific experiments, low experimental skills of teachers, less opportunities for teachers to receive professional training, and poor experimental conditions in schools.Students lack interest in learning.Then five suggestions to solve these problems are put forward: changing ideas, enhancing scientific attention, strengthening teachers' education, improving teachers' professional accomplishment, increasing educational input, improving experimental conditions, adjusting teaching methods,Arouse the enthusiasm of students to study.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G623.6

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