小学数学思想方法的螺旋式教学研究

发布时间：2018-04-09 10:07

本文选题：小学数学思想方法　切入点：螺旋式教学　出处：《四川师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：数学思想方法是发挥学科促进作用的重要依托,在“转识成智”中起到重要衔接作用。因此数学的学习不仅在于把握数学知识,更要体悟知识背后蕴含的思想方法。但当前小学课堂中数学思想方法的教学效果并不理想,针对这一现状,笔者试图探究与数学思想方法性质相比配的教学样态,提出小学数学思想方法的螺旋式教学。本研究中的螺旋式教学是指在学生体验的基础上,根据学生身心发展的顺序性和层次性不断提升学生学习深度的教学样态。数学思想方法的影响深远,但笔者通过观察发现数学思想方法的教学中存在不少问题,究其关键原因在于教师所使用的教学方式与数学思想方法的性质不匹配。由此,从数学思想方法的性质入手,以心理学的视角分析数学思想方法的学习过程,继而搭建数学思想方法的螺旋式教学框架,具体包括“一个追求”、“两大分析”、和“三大螺旋点”。“一个追求”是指教学应以培养学生的数学眼光、数学思维和数学语言为目标,分别对应抽象思想、推理思想和模型思想;“两大分析”是指对数学思想方法及其学习过程进行分析,从而确定回归点和教学路径;“三大螺旋点”是根据数学思想方法的三个学习水平提出,分别是体悟、理解、综合。最后在此基础上总结螺旋式教学的实践特质,提出螺旋式教学的三大策略,即体悟式教学策略、阶梯性教学策略和整合性教学策略。该论文分为五个部分。第一部分是前言,包括选题缘由、核心概念界定和文献综述。第二部分析小学数学思想方法的特点、类型、层次。第三部概括数学思想方法教学中出现的问题及其成因。第四部分论述学生数学思想方法的学习机制,具体包括对层次,过程和条件进行分析,并在此基础上搭建学习机制。第五部分论述小学数学思想方法的螺旋式教学途径,即对小学数学思想方法螺旋式教学的实践框架、实践特性和教学策略进行阐述。
[Abstract]:The mathematics thought method is the important support of exerting the discipline promotion function, and plays the important connection function in the transformation from knowledge to intelligence.Therefore, the learning of mathematics lies not only in mastering mathematical knowledge, but also in understanding the ideas behind it.However, the teaching effect of mathematical thought method in primary school classroom is not ideal. In view of this situation, the author tries to explore the teaching pattern compared with the nature of mathematics thought method, and puts forward the spiral teaching of mathematics thought method in primary school.The spiral teaching in this study refers to the teaching pattern of improving students' learning depth according to the order and level of students' physical and mental development on the basis of students' experience.The influence of mathematical thought method is far-reaching, but the author finds that there are many problems in the teaching of mathematics thought method through observation. The key reason lies in the mismatch between the teaching method used by teachers and the nature of mathematics thought method.Therefore, starting from the nature of mathematical thought and method, this paper analyzes the learning process of mathematical thought method from the perspective of psychology, and then sets up a spiral teaching framework of mathematical thought method, which includes "one pursuit" and "two analyses".And "three helix points"."one pursuit" means that teaching should aim at cultivating students' mathematical vision, mathematical thinking and mathematical language, corresponding to abstract thought, reasoning thought and model thought respectively."two analyses" refers to the analysis of mathematical thought methods and their learning process, so as to determine the regression points and teaching paths, and the "three helix points" are put forward according to the three learning levels of mathematical thought methods, which are comprehension, understanding and synthesis respectively.Finally, on the basis of summarizing the practical characteristics of spiral teaching, three strategies of spiral teaching are put forward, that is, realizing teaching strategy, ladder teaching strategy and integrated teaching strategy.The paper is divided into five parts.The first part is the preface, including the reason of selecting the topic, the definition of the core concept and the literature review.The second part analyzes the characteristics, types and levels of mathematical thinking methods in primary schools.The third part generalizes the problems and their causes in the teaching of mathematical thought methods.The fourth part discusses the learning mechanism of students' mathematical thought methods, including the analysis of levels, processes and conditions, and builds a learning mechanism on this basis.The fifth part discusses the spiral teaching approach of mathematics thought method in primary school, that is, the practice frame, practice characteristic and teaching strategy of the spiral teaching of mathematics thought method in primary school.
【学位授予单位】：四川师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G623.5

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