基于ACT-R理论小学数学“分数加法和减法”的教学设计研究

发布时间：2018-04-09 10:07

本文选题：ACT-R理论　切入点：运算规则教学　出处：《扬州大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：数学规则既是数学概念学习的深化,也是数学问题解决的前提。数学规则的学习和掌握,是数学技能形成的条件,不但可以促进学生认知能力的发展,而且可以培养学生按规则办事的良好习惯。思维的适应性控制(Adaptive Control of Thought-Rational,简称ACT-R)理论实质上是一种认知学习理论,它指出任何知识的学习都是从陈述性阶段开始,经过程序化和长期的调整,最后到达条件化阶段。本研究基于ACT-R理论,以苏教版五年级下册“分数加法和减法”单元为例,进行教学设计研究,探讨在ACT-R理论指导下的小学数学运算规则教学设计的一般方式和思路。本研究首先通过对ACT-R理论进行细致的分析和阐述,得出ACT-R理论运用于小学数学运算规则教学的一般过程和框架。然后使用前期测试对学生的情况进行分析,并从课程标准和教材两方面分析教学内容。在此基础上,将“分数加法和减法”单元的教学内容按照陈述性阶段、程序性阶段和条件化阶段三个部分进行筛选和调整。同时基于ACT-R理论,分别从教学目标、教学内容、教学过程和教学评价四方面对“分数加法和减法”单元的教学进行研究并提出具体的教学设计方案。通过实施课堂教学,由教学实录和效果分析发现,运用ACT-R理论进行小学数学运算规则教学能够帮助学生掌握运算规则,感悟算理,提高了小学生数学课堂学习的参与度与效率,有利于小学生数学运算能力的培养。反思“分数加法和减法”单元的教学设计和课堂实施,建议在运用ACT-R理论进行运算规则教学时要合理设计样例,做中学与例中学相结合;突出目标层级,逐层进行规则学习;强化精致练习,提高练习有效性。
[Abstract]:Rule is not only deepening mathematics mathematics concept learning, is the premise to solve mathematical problems. The rules of mathematics learning and mastering math skills, is the formation conditions, not only can promote the development of students' cognitive ability, but also cultivate good habits of students according to the rules. The adaptive control thinking (Adaptive Control of Thought-Rational, referred to as ACT-R) the theory is essentially a kind of cognitive learning theory, it is pointed out that any knowledge learning are starting from the stage of declarative programming and, after a long-term adjustment, to reach the final stage of the research condition. Based on the ACT-R theory, the fifth grade 2 in Jiangsu "fraction addition and subtraction unit as an example, research teaching design, research on teaching design of primary school mathematics rules in ACT-R under the guidance of the theory of general methods and ideas. This paper makes a careful analysis to the theory of ACT-R Analysis and elaboration, the ACT-R theory used in the process and framework of primary school math teaching rules. Then use the pre test analysis of the situation of students, teaching contents and analysis from the two aspects of curriculum standards and textbooks. On this basis, the "teaching content of fraction addition and subtraction unit in accordance with the declarative stage, three part of the program of stage and stage conditions were screened and adjusted. At the same time, based on the ACT-R theory, respectively from the teaching content, teaching objectives, teaching process and teaching evaluation of four research and put forward the concrete teaching design in the face of" fractional addition and subtraction "unit teaching. Through the implementation of classroom teaching, discovered by the analysis and effect of teaching record the use of ACT-R theory, primary school math teaching rules can help students to master the rules of operation, perception processing, improve the students' mathematical classroom learning Xi's participation and efficiency, is beneficial to cultivate pupils' mathematical ability. The reflection of the fractional addition and subtraction "unit teaching design and classroom teaching, proposed operational rules in the use of ACT-R theory to a reasonable design, and the combination of middle school middle school; target hierarchy, rule learning layer; strengthen delicate practice, enhance the practice effectiveness.

【学位授予单位】：扬州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G623.5

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