小学生作文语病分析及对策研究

发布时间：2018-04-29 07:00

本文选题：小学生 + 作文语病　；参考：《上海师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：写作是学生语文综合素养的体现,也是教师语文教学的重要部分。然而,多数小学生在习作时常出现语句不通、词不达意、语序不当等语病问题。语病问题的存在,不利于小学作文教学水平的提高,又严重阻碍学生语言文字运用能力的发展。通过对小学生作文语病的研究、分析,既可以规范小学生的写作用语,也可以为语文作文教学提出可行性建议。同时,针对小学生病句的研究拓宽了病句研究的领域,丰富完善了病句研究的理论体系。本文试图从理论和实践两方面对小学生作文中语病的类型、语病产生的原因、语法教学的对策进行分析及研究,解决“是什么”、“为什么”、“怎么做”的问题。全文由以下五部分组成,分别为:第一章,绪论。本章节介绍了研究缘起、目的与意义、方法,对研究中的核心关键词“语法”、“语病”、“语用”进行界定。从语病和学生作文语病两个方面对当前的研究现状进行了介绍。第二章,研究的理论基础。本章借鉴传统的语病研究成果,从词类误用、句法失误及辞格误用三个方面对语病进行归纳分类,参考已有的写作教学对策,归纳出暴露法、训练法、案例法三种教学方法。第三章,小学生作文语病现状分析。主要运用了内容分析法,对三、四、五年级90篇考场作文进行语料采集,以语病分类框架为工具,对不同年级的小学生作文语病进行人工的判断、统计、梳理。运用问卷调查法,从学生对语法语用知识的了解程度、教师对语法语用知识的教学状况、双方对语法语用知识的态度三个方面展开调查,同时说明了调查的目的、调查的设计并对调查的结果做出分析。第四章,小学生作文语病现象的成因分析。主要从学生个人因素、课程与教学因素及社会因素三个方面进行论述。第五章,小学生作文语法教学的对策。主要思考如何减少小学生作文中的语病,提高小学生在写作中的语言能力。提出以下意见:一,强化语文基本功;二,重审语文课程内容;三,关注作文语言修改。语病研究是一项十分严谨的工作,需要有大量的文献和理论知识去支撑研究的观点。由于本人的研究能力有限,本篇论文仅从词法、句法和辞格三个方面对小学生作文中的病句做了梳理与分析,缺少语用、语法层面的研究。尽管如此,希望本文的研究能够起抛砖引玉的作用,为小学生作文病句领域的研究提供借鉴。
[Abstract]:Writing is not only the embodiment of students' Chinese comprehensive accomplishment, but also an important part of teachers' Chinese teaching. However, most primary school students often have problems in the exercises, such as sentence impassability, word meaning is not clear, word order is improper, and so on. The existence of language diseases is not conducive to the improvement of composition teaching level in primary schools and seriously hinders the development of students' ability to use language and characters. Through the study of the primary school students' composition language diseases, it can not only standardize the primary school students' writing language, but also offer some feasible suggestions for the Chinese composition teaching. At the same time, the research on pupils' sick sentences widens the research field and enriches and perfects the theoretical system. This paper attempts to analyze and study the types of language diseases, the causes of language diseases and the countermeasures of grammar teaching in primary school students' compositions from both theoretical and practical aspects, so as to solve the problems of "what", "why" and "how to do it". The full text consists of the following five parts: chapter one, introduction. This chapter introduces the origin, purpose and significance of the research, and defines the key keywords in the study: grammar, language disease and pragmatics. This paper introduces the current research situation from two aspects: language disease and student composition language disease. The second chapter, the theoretical basis of the study. This chapter draws lessons from the traditional language disease research results, induces and classifies the language diseases from three aspects: the misuse of part of speech, the syntactic error and the case misuse, and summarizes the three teaching methods of exposure, training and case law with reference to the existing writing teaching countermeasures. The third chapter, the primary school composition language sickness present situation analysis. This paper mainly uses the content analysis method to collect 90 compositions in grade 3, 4 and 5 of the examination room. With the framework of classification of language diseases as a tool, the paper makes artificial judgment, statistics and combing on the composition language diseases of pupils of different grades. By using the method of questionnaire, this paper makes an investigation on the students' understanding of grammatical and pragmatic knowledge, teachers' teaching status of grammatical and pragmatic knowledge, and the attitudes of both sides to grammatical and pragmatic knowledge. The purpose of the investigation is also explained. Design and analyze the results of the survey. The fourth chapter, the primary school composition language sickness phenomenon causes analysis. Mainly from the student personal factor, the curriculum and the teaching factor and the social factor three aspects carries on the discussion. The fifth chapter, the elementary school student composition grammar teaching countermeasure. This paper mainly discusses how to reduce the language diseases in the composition of primary school students and how to improve their language ability in writing. Put forward the following suggestions: first, strengthen the basic skills of Chinese; second, review the content of Chinese curriculum; third, pay attention to composition language revision. Language disease research is a very rigorous work, need a lot of literature and theoretical knowledge to support the point of view. Due to my limited research ability, this thesis only combs and analyzes the sick sentences in primary school students' compositions from three aspects: lexical, syntactic and rhetorical, and lacks the study of pragmatics and grammar. Nevertheless, it is hoped that the research in this paper can serve as a reference for the study of pupils' composition ill sentences.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G623.24

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