鄂温克族青少年语言现状调查分析

发布时间：2018-05-05 00:01

本文选题：鄂温克族青少年 + 母语保持　；参考：《中央民族大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：鄂温克族是我国北方人口较少数民族之一,主要分布在内蒙古自治区和黑龙江省讷河市和新疆等地,俄罗斯也有分布。鄂温克族自治旗是我国鄂温克族最大的聚居区,这里的鄂温克族适应了多元文化环境,形成了富有特色的语言使用特点。而鄂温克族青少年作为民族语言文化的主要传承人,他们的语言态度及语言使用习惯直接影响着鄂温克语言的发展趋势。鄂温克族母语使用范围的缩小、母语能力的弱化、多语兼用及转用汉语的现象十分明显,这种现象不仅存在于鄂温克青少年内部,也存在于其他少数民族青少年中。因此鄂温克族青少年语言现状的调查将对其他少数民族语言研究提供一定的参考。本文以田野调查为基础,调查分析鄂温克族自治旗鄂温克中学、鄂温克旗第一实验小学、鄂温克旗辉苏木中心校、鄂温克旗伊敏苏木中心校及海拉尔一中五个调查点的鄂温克族青少年语言使用现状,并使用文献研究法、统计法、理论阐释法进行分析,探讨母语保持、语言兼用、语言转用现象背后的影响因素,试析人口较少民族语言保持模式并尝试用浑沌学理论探讨了新一代鄂温克族青少年语言使用的非线性特征。全文共分五章。绪论,交代了选题的缘起及意义,概括了相关研究动态,说明了本文运用的研究方法,并简要介绍了调查点的概况、调查过程及方法。第一章,学校考察,以鄂温克旗四个学校及海拉尔一中的鄂温克族中小学生为调查对象,分成蒙语授课及汉语授课两组,从母语保持和多语使用两个方面对比分析了鄂温克族中小学生语言使用情况及语言态度。认为鄂温克族的母语保持是多语兼用中的母语保持,并且适应多元文化环境衍生出多语能力,但蒙语授课和汉语授课群体在语言使用方面存在着显著差异。第二章,以鄂温克族蒙语授课学生的家庭为背景,分析其母语保持的特点和母语保持模式,概括了鄂温克族青少年母语保持的关键因素,并从宏观因素和微观因素两个方面综合试析了鄂温克族多语兼用的现象。第三章,以汉语授课班为分析对象,探讨了其语言转用的现状和态度,并从外部因素及内部因素探析了语言转用背后的原因。第四章,余论,从浑沌学角度试析了鄂温克族青少年语言使用的非线性特征,并就鄂温克语言资源进行了讨论。
[Abstract]:Ewenki is one of the minority nationalities in the north of China. It is mainly distributed in Inner Mongolia Autonomous region, Nehe City in Heilongjiang Province and Xinjiang, as well as in Russia. The Ewenki Autonomous Banner is the largest inhabited area of the Ewenki nationality in our country. The Ewenki people here have adapted to the multicultural environment and formed the characteristic language use characteristics. As the main inheritors of the national language and culture, the Ewenki teenagers have a direct influence on the development trend of the Ewenki language. The use of Ewenki mother tongue is reduced, the ability of mother tongue is weakened, and the phenomenon of multilingual use and switching to Chinese is very obvious. This phenomenon exists not only in the youth of Ewenki, but also in other minority youth. Therefore, the investigation of Ewenki adolescents' language situation will provide some reference for other minority languages. Based on field investigation, this paper analyzes the Ewenki National Autonomous Banner Ewenki Middle School, the first Experimental Primary School of the Ewenki Banner, the Huisumu Central School of the Ewenki Banner. The present situation of language use of Ewenki teenagers in five investigation points of Yimin Sumu Central School and Hailaer No. 1 Middle School in Ewenki Banner is analyzed by literature research, statistics and theoretical interpretation to discuss the preservation of mother tongue and the use of both languages. The influence factors behind the phenomenon of language conversion are analyzed and the nonlinear characteristics of the language use of the new generation of Ewenki teenagers are discussed by using chaos theory. The full text is divided into five chapters. The introduction explains the origin and significance of the topic, summarizes the related research trends, explains the research methods used in this paper, and briefly introduces the survey points, survey process and methods. The first chapter, the school investigation, with the Ewenki Banner four schools and Hailaer No. 1 middle and primary school students as the survey object, divided into Mongolian teaching and Chinese teaching two groups, This paper analyzes the language use and language attitude of Ewenki primary and middle school students from the aspects of mother tongue preservation and multilingual use. It is believed that the Ewenki native language maintenance is the mother tongue preservation in multilingual use and the multilingual ability is derived from the multi-cultural environment. However, there are significant differences in the use of language between Mongolian and Chinese teaching groups. The second chapter, taking the family of Ewenki Mongolian teaching students as the background, analyzes the characteristics and mode of mother tongue preservation, and summarizes the key factors of Ewenki teenagers' mother tongue maintenance. The phenomenon of multilingualism in Ewenki nationality is analyzed from macro and micro factors. The third chapter takes the Chinese teaching class as the analysis object, discusses the present situation and the attitude of the language conversion, and probes into the reasons behind the language conversion from the external and internal factors. Chapter four, the conclusion, analyzes the nonlinear characteristics of Ewenki teenagers' language use from the point of view of chaos, and discusses the Ewenki language resources.
【学位授予单位】：中央民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G623.29

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