小学生活作文教学策略的研究

发布时间：2018-05-15 02:15

本文选题：小学 + 生活教育　；参考：《河南师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：作文,是一种把自己思考的内容与组织的话转化为书面语言后与别人进行交流或者抒发自身情感的精神物品。在创造这个物品的过程中,所锻造的能力叫作文能力。作文能力是一个人语文能力的重要组成部分,在很大程度上反映了一个人的生活积累和言语表达能力。尤其是小学阶段的作文,它是检验学生语文学习的一把标尺,是学生语文基础知识与语文基本能力的综合运用。《新语文课程标准》对小学阶段的写作提出了“能具体明确、文从字顺地表述自己的意思;能根据日常生活需要,运用常见的表达方式写作,鼓励自由地写下见闻、感受和想象”的要求。①由此可以看出在小学阶段更为重要的是让学生的作文关注生活、紧贴生活、立足生活,在作文中反映实实在在的生活,并培养和发展学生的想象力。这是一种与应试作文教学不同的新方向------生活作文。生活作文是一种把学生在生活中看到的、听到的、亲身参与过的事情作为写作背景,并用在这个背景下经过构思的语言文字表达内心情感的作文。生活作文在“生活教育”这个思想的基础上,结合“作文”自身特点,显出独特优势。“生活作文”提出和实行多年后,有了一定成效,但由于现实的教育情况,以及对这个理念的生搬硬套,小学生活作文出现“过多以追求分数为目标,没有根据小学不同阶段的教授对象特点,过多拔高生活作文”的现象,使得小学生们对生活作文产生畏惧心理。为了让我们的学生用真实的语言表达真实的情感,教师就要立足小学生的特点,去打破传统作文的弊端,在实际的教学中朝着“生活作文”前行,使得能在小学阶段培养学生多方面观察生活的能力和对生活的想象力、创造力,并能写出抒发学生真诚感情的作文。本文基于“生活教育”,将“生活作文”这一思想结合到小学作文教学中,探讨现今小学阶段的生活作文。文中将根据对小学生活作文实行情况的反思,分别结合低年级和高年级的小学生特点提出一些实行生活作文的方法。力求在遵循作文教学规律的前提下,在生活教育的思想下,突出小学不同阶段的特点,让“生活作文”这一理念有效的实行起来,使小学生的“生活写作”能力得到一定提高。
[Abstract]:Composition is a kind of spiritual material which transforms the content and organization of one's own thinking into written language and then communicates with others or expresses one's own feelings. In the process of creating this item, the ability forged is called writing ability. Composition ability is an important part of a person's Chinese ability, which to a great extent reflects one's life accumulation and speech expression ability. In particular, composition in primary school is a yardstick to test students' Chinese learning and a comprehensive application of students' basic knowledge of Chinese and basic ability of Chinese. The New Chinese Curriculum Standard puts forward "can be specific and clear" for writing in primary school. He can write according to the needs of his daily life, use common expressions, and encourage the free writing of what he sees and hears. From this, we can see that in primary school, it is more important to let students' composition pay close attention to life, stick to life, base on life, reflect real life in composition, and cultivate and develop students' imagination. This is a new direction different from examination-oriented composition teaching-life composition. Life composition is a kind of composition which takes the things that students see, hear and participate in as the writing background, and expresses the inner emotion with the language and characters in this background. On the basis of the thought of "life education", life composition shows its unique advantages by combining its own characteristics. Many years after the introduction and implementation of "Life composition", there have been some achievements. However, due to the actual educational situation and the hard copy of this idea, the primary school life composition appears "too much to pursue scores as the goal." According to the characteristics of teaching objects in different stages of primary school, the phenomenon of excessive exaltation of life composition makes primary school students have a fear of life composition. In order for our students to express their true feelings in real language, teachers should base themselves on the characteristics of pupils, break the drawbacks of traditional composition, and move forward towards "life composition" in actual teaching. It makes it possible to cultivate students' ability to observe life and their imagination and creativity in primary school, and to write compositions that express the students' sincere feelings. Based on "life education", this paper combines the thought of "life composition" into the composition teaching of primary school, and probes into the life composition in primary school. According to the introspection on the practice of life composition in primary school, this paper puts forward some methods of carrying out life composition according to the characteristics of primary school students of lower grade and higher grade respectively. Under the premise of following the rule of composition teaching and under the thought of life education, the author tries to highlight the characteristics of different stages of primary school, so that the concept of "life composition" can be put into effect effectively, and the ability of "life writing" can be improved to a certain extent.
【学位授予单位】：河南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G623.24

【参考文献】