小学科学课程教学中地理素养的培养研究

发布时间：2018-06-15 05:02

本文选题：小学科学 + 地理素养　；参考：《山东师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着经济全球化,人口与可持续发展的矛盾日益加深,水土流失、环境污染等问题越发严重,而地理学是解决这些问题的的有效途径,所以地理教育越来越被人们所重视,人们开始意识到地理素养培养的价值。从小学阶段培养学生的地理素养是时代发展的必要结果。小学《科学》“地球与宇宙”部分的课程对于学生地理素养的培养具有十分重要的作用。小学《科学》“地球与宇宙”部分的知识是初中阶段的地理知识的基础,并且具有紧密的联系。在小学阶段地理素养的培养是学生今后地理素养发展的基础。在小学《科学》课程教学中就开始注重培养小学生的地理素养,对于学生个体的终身发展具有不可替代的作用。本论文主要从以下几个方面进行研究:首先,使用文献检索法对比分析国内外“地理素养”培养的现状。其次,结合小学生的日常生活经验以及小学《科学》“地球与宇宙”部分的知识,根据地理素养的5个基本方面来具体设计调查问卷,从我镇5所小学3-6年级学生中随机抽取400名学生进行调查,以了解我镇小学生地理素养的培养现状,并对我镇5所小学20名科学教师的现状进行调查研究,并找出在培养小学生地理素养方面存在的具体问题和一些不足之处。然后,针对小学生地理素养的培养情况与科学教师的现状,认真分析课程内容与标准,找出可以通过哪些内容培养学生哪些方面的地理素养,并在课堂教学中不断地检验修正。最后,从学校、教师、学生以及教学内容四个层面提出小学《科学》课程教学中地理素养的培养对策:第一,加强小学科学教师的职前和职后培训;第二,理解和支持科学教师的工作;第三,加强专业知识的学习;第四,营造生动的课堂教学气氛,激发学生的地理学习兴趣;第五,改变传统的教学模式,利用多媒体教学培养学生地理素养;第六,改变课堂评价机制,注重地理素养的培养;第七,注重教学实践与反思,不断提高自身的教学能力;第八,教学联系实际,培养学生的地理应用能力;第九,掌握必要的地理学习方法,提高学生的自主学习能力。在今后的研究中,结合其他学科以及中学阶段的地理知识,对小学《科学》进行更加细致、深入的分析,提出培养小学生地理科学素养的措施。
[Abstract]:With the economic globalization, the contradiction between population and sustainable development is deepening day by day, the problems of soil erosion and environmental pollution become more and more serious, and geography is the effective way to solve these problems, so geography education is paid more and more attention to. People began to realize the value of geographical literacy. It is the necessary result of the development of the times to cultivate the students' geographical literacy from the primary school stage. The curriculum of the Earth and the Universe plays an important role in the cultivation of students' geographical literacy. The knowledge of the earth and the universe in elementary school is the foundation of geography knowledge in junior middle school and has close relation. The cultivation of geographical literacy in primary school is the basis for the development of students' geographical literacy in the future. In the course of science, primary school students begin to pay attention to the cultivation of geographical literacy, which plays an irreplaceable role in the lifelong development of students. This paper mainly studies from the following aspects: firstly, the present situation of "geographical literacy" cultivation at home and abroad is analyzed by literature retrieval method. Secondly, according to the daily life experience of primary school students and the knowledge of "Earth and Universe" in primary school, the questionnaire is designed according to five basic aspects of geographical literacy. In order to find out the present situation of the cultivation of primary school students' geographical literacy in our town, 400 students were randomly selected from the 3-6 grade students of 5 primary schools in our town, and the present situation of 20 science teachers in 5 primary schools in our town was investigated and studied. And to find out in the cultivation of geographical literacy of primary school students in the specific problems and some shortcomings. Then, according to the training situation of primary school students' geographical literacy and the current situation of science teachers, we carefully analyze the curriculum contents and standards, find out which contents can be used to cultivate students' geographical literacy in which aspects, and constantly test the correction in classroom teaching. Finally, from the four aspects of school, teachers, students and teaching content, the author puts forward the countermeasures of cultivating geographical literacy in primary school science curriculum teaching: first, strengthening the pre-service and post-service training of primary school science teachers; second, Understanding and supporting the work of science teachers; third, strengthening the study of professional knowledge; fourth, creating a lively classroom teaching atmosphere to stimulate students' interest in geography learning; fifth, changing the traditional teaching mode, Use multimedia teaching to cultivate students' geographical literacy; sixth, change the classroom evaluation mechanism, pay attention to the cultivation of geographical literacy; seventh, pay attention to teaching practice and reflection, and constantly improve their own teaching ability; eighth, combine teaching with reality, To cultivate students' ability of geography application, ninth, to master necessary geography learning methods and to improve students' autonomous learning ability. In the future research, combining with the geography knowledge of other subjects and middle schools, this paper makes a more detailed and thorough analysis of the primary school science, and puts forward some measures to cultivate the pupils' geography scientific literacy.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G623.6

【参考文献】