小学数学几何直观能力培养中的教师发展策略

发布时间：2018-06-20 17:11

本文选题：小学数学 + 数学教学　；参考：《苏州大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：几何直观可以帮助学生直观的理解数学,在整个数学学习过程中都发挥着重要作用,因此培养几何直观能力应该贯穿义务教育数学课程的始终.本文旨在从理论和实践两个方面探讨影响几何直观能力培养的教师因素,并提出策略为教学实践提供一定的参考.本文主要使用定性研究方法,包括文献分析法、访谈、教学案例分析及问卷调查.通过查找阅读文献,梳理几何直观能力培养的理论基础、分析这方面研究的空白.笔者研究了影响几何直观能力培养的教师自身的因素,梳理知识因素、技能因素及情感因素都会对培养学生的几何直观能力产生影响.其中对知识因素中的学科知识、理论知识、经验知识进行了分析,通过案例分析从解读、导入、讲解、提问、生成、结课、反思这七个方面对技能因素进行分析,同时简单阐述了情感因素的影响.我们梳理了培养几何直观能力的基本策略和对教师的要求,为几何直观能力培养中教师发展提供策略,其中例举了教材分析方法,以帮助教师梳理学科知识,纵向把握学科体系;建议教师通过关注课前预设、课堂组织、课后反思来提升技能素养.课前通过学情预设、难点预设、空间预设保证课堂更顺利展开,课堂组织中,结合几何直观能力培养的几个要点,特别指出强化画图的技能、加强“数”“形”结合、善用几何变换,以此提高学生几何直观能力;树立正确的学生观,建立良好的师生关系,在平等的氛围中提升教学的有效性.以此结论得出启示,在小学数学教学中,教师要有正确的学科观、教学观、知识观和学生观,努力提升自身综合素养,重视策略的广泛运用,让学生在科学的方法培养下提升数学核心素养。
[Abstract]:Geometry intuitionism can help students understand mathematics intuitively and play an important role in the whole process of mathematics study. Therefore, cultivating geometric intuitionistic ability should run through the mathematics curriculum of compulsory education all the time. The purpose of this paper is to probe into the teachers' factors which affect the cultivation of geometric intuitive ability from two aspects of theory and practice, and to provide some references for teaching practice. This paper mainly uses qualitative research methods, including literature analysis, interviews, teaching case analysis and questionnaire. By looking up the literature and combing the theoretical basis of geometric intuitionistic ability cultivation, the blank of this research is analyzed. The author studies the teachers' own factors which affect the cultivation of geometric intuitionistic ability, and combs the knowledge factor, skill factor and emotion factor, all of which will affect the cultivation of students' geometric intuitionistic ability. It analyzes the subject knowledge, the theory knowledge and the experience knowledge in the knowledge factors. Through the case analysis, it analyzes the skill factors from seven aspects: interpretation, introduction, explanation, questioning, generation, class closing and reflection. At the same time, it simply expounds the influence of emotional factors. We have combed the basic strategy of cultivating geometric intuitionistic ability and the requirements to teachers, and provided strategies for the development of teachers in geometric intuitionistic ability cultivation. Among them, we have given examples of teaching material analysis methods to help teachers to sort out the knowledge of the subject. It is suggested that teachers should improve their skill accomplishment by paying attention to pre- class presupposition, classroom organization, and reflection after class. Before class, through the presupposition of learning situation, the presupposition of difficulty, the presupposition of space to ensure the smooth development of the classroom, in the classroom organization, combining with several key points of cultivating the ability of geometry intuitionistic, it is pointed out in particular that the skill of drawing is strengthened, and the combination of "number" and "shape" is strengthened. In order to improve the students' geometric intuitionistic ability, to set up a correct view of students, to establish a good relationship between teachers and students, and to enhance the effectiveness of teaching in an equal atmosphere. From this conclusion, we can draw a conclusion that teachers should have correct view of subject, teaching, knowledge and students, strive to improve their comprehensive accomplishment, and attach importance to the extensive application of strategies in primary school mathematics teaching. Let students in the scientific method under the cultivation of mathematical core literacy.
【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G623.5

【参考文献】