人教版小学《语文》教材字词分析

发布时间：2018-06-24 02:48

本文选题：小学《语文》 + 生字　；参考：《暨南大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文借助“中文助教”软件对人教版小学《语文》的字词进行了数量、等级、难度和常用度方面的分析,发现:1.生字。在生字总量方面,小学《语文》共有生字3502个,覆盖了《义务教育语文课程标准》要求掌握生字数量的96.28%,尚有93个需要掌握的生字没有收录;另外,教材收录了1095个《标准》之外的生字。小学《语文》平均每册的生字为291.83个;这些生字在各册、各课的数量分布不均匀,不合理。在生字难度方面,小学《语文》收录甲、乙、丙、丁四级生字共2704个,另有798个超纲字。生字的总难度值为6888.5,平均每册难度值为574.04;各册生字的难度大体上呈现随着教材册数的增加而降低(即前难后易)的趋势,但是各册、各课间生字的难度起伏大。从生字常用度方面看,本套教材生字常用度总体上比较高,且随着教材册数的增加,教材的生字常用度有所降低。研究教材的“生字表”发现,其数据和本文研究所获数据存在差距。2.生词。小学《语文》共有生词9683个,平均每册生词806.91个。各册、各课生词数量分布不均匀,排列不规则。在生字难度方面,小学《语文》所收甲、乙、丙、丁四级生词5368个,另有超纲词4315个。各册、各课生词的难度不一,难度升降起伏大。从生词常用度方面看,教材生词总体常用度偏低,只有932个生词处于常用度最高的“1-1000”区间,而有4563个生词处于常用度最低的“8001+”区间。小学《语文》“词语表”、“词语盘点”版块中收录的生词总量比较少,但其生词数量在各册分布比较均匀。此外,其对“读记”、“读写”词的安排存在前后矛盾、颠倒的问题。3.应用启示。海外学校若选用小学《语文》作为华语或外语教材,应当结合当地教学需求、学生特点等情况,谨慎使用。
[Abstract]:This paper analyzes the number, grade, difficulty and degree of common use of the characters of the Chinese language in the "Chinese Teaching Assistant" software, and finds out that: 1. New words. In terms of the total number of new characters, there are 3502 new characters in primary schools, covering 96.28.8% of the total number of new characters required by the Chinese Curriculum Standard for compulsory Education, while 93 new characters that need to be mastered are not included; in addition, The textbook contains 1095 new characters outside the Standard. The average number of new characters in each volume of primary school is 291.83, and the number of each lesson is not even and reasonable. In terms of the difficulty of new characters, Chinese in primary school includes 2704 new characters and 798 superclass characters. The total difficulty value of new characters is 6888.5, and the average difficulty value of each volume is 574.04. The difficulty of each new character decreases with the increase of the number of textbooks (that is, it is easy before and after difficulty), but the difficulty of new characters in each volume and between classes fluctuates greatly. From the point of view of the common usage of new characters, the common use of new characters in this set of textbooks is relatively high, and with the increase of the number of textbooks, the common use of new characters in textbooks is decreased. It is found that there is a gap between the data of the research textbook and the data obtained in this paper. 2. 2. New words In primary school, there are 963 new words, with an average of 806.91 new words per volume. Each volume, each lesson new word quantity distribution unevenly, arranges irregularly. In terms of the difficulty of new words, there are 5368 new words and 435 supersyllabic words in primary school. Each volume, the difficulty of new words in different classes, the difficulty ups and downs. In terms of the common use of new words, the general usage of new words in textbooks is on the low side, with only 932 new words in the "1-1000" interval with the highest common use, while 4,563 new words are in the "8001" interval with the lowest common use. The total number of new words included in the "list of words" and "inventory of words" in primary school is relatively small, but the number of new words is more evenly distributed in each volume. In addition, its arrangement of "read and write" and "read and write" words is contradictory and upside down. Application enlightenment. If overseas schools choose Chinese or foreign language teaching materials for primary schools, they should use it carefully according to the needs of local teaching and the characteristics of students.
【学位授予单位】：暨南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G623.2

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