小学数学翻转课堂的课例研究

发布时间：2018-06-29 13:58

本文选题：小学数学 + 翻转课堂　；参考：《山东师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：长久以来，我国的课堂教学一直被看作是教师引导学生掌握科学文化知识的过程,教师负责向学生灌输知识，学生则负责把一系列的知识进行记忆和存储。这样的做法，使得课堂教学忽略了知识的探究、忽略了师生的交往，导致了教学效果事倍功半。而注重师生对话、激发学生兴趣、提高教学效果却是现代中小学课堂教学中锲而不舍的追求。为实现这一追求，各界教育人士都在不断的尝试与摸索，力求一种新的教学模式，以实现课堂中的师生交往、合作探究以及提高教学效果。翻转课堂作为一种新的教学模式，自引入中国以来，凭借诸多优势受到了越来越多一线教师以及教育研究人员的推崇和探索，也使得课堂教学向着更加民主化、理性化的方向发展。但其作为一种新型模式，在实施过程中不免出现或多或少的偏差，比如教师对其理念的误读、操作过程中的微视频创作等问题，还有待于进一步的研究和探索，以符合本土化的要求，服务中国的课堂教学。而本研究正是立足小学数学翻转课堂，采用课例研究的研究方法，以六年级下册数学广角——《抽屉原理》为重点研究对象，试图对翻转课堂的本质、操作流程以及出现的问题展开研究。本研究共分为四个部分。第一部分为绪论，主要阐述了研究背景、研究思路与方法以及国内外对于翻转课堂的研究现状，最后确定了研究对象。第二部分重点对翻转课堂进行了全面解读，涉及翻转课堂的含义及特点、理论基础以及操作流程等一系列问题。其中，翻转课堂以布卢姆“掌握学习理论”为理论基础，由课前知识传授与课上知识内化两个环节构成，具备视频精选、以生为主、以问题为导向、尊重差异以及教学成效明显等突出特征。第三部分以具体课例——《抽屉原理》为重点研究对象，从微视频质量与课堂教学两个方面展开观察。通过对其观察研究，发现了以下几点不足：微视频内容冗杂，缺乏语言艺术；课堂提问语单调，缺乏艺术性和启发性；课堂练习缺乏过渡性，难度跳跃性过大；学生对基础知识缺乏一定的应用能力等。第四部分是笔者在观察研究课例的基础上，总结出了翻转课堂的优势与不足，并提出些许针对性的改进策略，如：精简视频内容，提高视频的艺术性和互动性；教师更新教育理念，提高综合素质；提高课堂提问的针对性；增强课堂练习的有效性，，加大与实际生活的联系等，当然，这需要教师、学生以及教育相关部门共同努力，找到一条操作性强的翻转课堂发展之路，促进课堂教学改革，提高教育质量。
[Abstract]:For a long time, classroom teaching in China has been regarded as the process of teachers guiding students to master scientific and cultural knowledge. Teachers are responsible for inculcating knowledge to students, while students are responsible for memorizing and storing a series of knowledge. In this way, the classroom teaching neglects the inquiry of knowledge, neglects the communication between teachers and students, and results in half the result of teaching. But paying attention to the dialogue between teachers and students, arousing students' interest and improving teaching effect are the persistent pursuit in classroom teaching of modern primary and middle schools. In order to realize this pursuit, educators from all walks of life are constantly trying and groping for a new teaching mode to realize the communication between teachers and students in the classroom, cooperation and inquiry, and to improve the teaching effect. As a new teaching mode, flipping classroom has been praised and explored by more and more front-line teachers and educational researchers since it was introduced into China, which also makes classroom teaching more democratic. A rational direction of development. However, as a new model, there are more or less deviations in the process of implementation, such as the misreading of its concept by teachers, the creation of micro-video in the process of operation, and so on, which need to be further studied and explored. In order to meet the requirements of localization, to serve the classroom teaching in China. And this research is based on the primary school mathematics flipping classroom, using the research method of the lesson example research, taking the sixth grade mathematics wide angle "drawer principle" as the research object, trying to turn over the essence of the classroom, The operation process and the problem that appear to be carried out to carry out the research. This study is divided into four parts. The first part is the introduction, mainly elaborated the research background, the research thought and the method as well as the domestic and foreign regarding the flipping classroom research present situation, finally determined the research object. The second part focuses on a comprehensive interpretation of the flipping classroom, involving the meaning and characteristics of the flipping classroom, theoretical basis and operation process and a series of issues. Among them, the flipping classroom is based on Bloom's "mastering Learning Theory", which consists of two links: knowledge imparting before class and internalization of knowledge in class. Respects the difference and the teaching effect obvious and so on prominent characteristic. The third part focuses on the specific lesson example, drawer principle, from two aspects of micro-video quality and classroom teaching. Through the observation and research, we find the following deficiencies: the content of micro-video is jumbled, lack of language art; the classroom questioning language is monotonous, lacking of artistry and inspiration, the classroom practice is short of transition, and the difficulty is too great to jump; Students lack the ability to apply basic knowledge. In the fourth part, the author summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of the flipping class on the basis of observing the research class cases, and puts forward some targeted improvement strategies, such as: streamlining the video content, improving the artistic and interactive nature of the video; Teachers should renew their educational concepts, improve their comprehensive quality, raise the pertinence of classroom questioning, enhance the effectiveness of classroom exercises and increase their connection with real life. Of course, this requires the joint efforts of teachers, students and relevant education departments. To find a feasible way to turn over classroom development, promote classroom teaching reform and improve the quality of education.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G623.5

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