回民区第二实验小学高段数学估算能力培养探讨

发布时间：2018-08-01 10:54

【摘要】：估算逐步成为小学阶段的教学重点,培养提高学生的估算能力也成为小学阶段重要的教学目标,估算无论是在学生的数学学习过程中还是在日常生活中都有着重要的应用价值,在数学学习过程中它有帮助学生事先把握运算的结果的范围,是发展学生数感的重要手段,同时估算也有利于减少运算错误,有利于学生对运算结果进行检验。在日常生活中,我们在解决一些对不需要精确计算结果或者不能精确计算的问题时,就需要用到估算的方法来解决。所以,估算是数学学习过程中必须掌握的一项学习内容,也是学生日常生活中的一项必备技能。本文作者为在一线工作的小学数学教师,在多年的教学经验中,逐步感觉到提高学生的估算能力对于学生学习数学有很大的帮助,而且在我们生活中的方方面面,应用估算解决实际问题的场景也常常出现,对于学生体会学习的意义、提高学习积极性也有促进作用。本文通过访谈和调查问卷的方式着重研究回民区第二实验小学六年级学生估算能力方面的问题,通过对教师教学和学生学习两方面现状进行调查,对教师和学生进行了研究分析,发现数学教师对与估算的重视程度不足和教学策略单一,高段小学生也不具备基本的估算意识和估算能力;作者结合自己在日常教学工作中的体会,结合调研结果,分析了目前估算教学水平和学生能力欠缺的成因,教师对新版教材中估算的内容挖掘不够,对学生主动应用估算的能力引导不足,所以导致了教师不重视估算教学,学生没兴趣学习估算知识的局面。根据存在的问题和形成因素,总结出了适合回民区第二实验小学六年级学生的估算能力培养策略。对如何提高和改善学生估算能力提出了一些想法。主要从认识估算的重要性,增强估算意识方面引导学生,运用合理有效的教学策略,帮助学生掌握正确的估算方法和应用估算方法的时机,并能主动将估算知识运用到日常生活中,养成良好的估算习惯。让我校教师能够运用在实际的教学工作中,培养并提高我校六年级学生的估算能力。
[Abstract]:Estimation has gradually become the focus of primary school teaching, and training and improving students' estimation ability has become an important teaching goal in primary school. Estimation has important application value in students' mathematics learning process and daily life. In the process of mathematics learning, it helps students to grasp the range of the result of calculation in advance, is an important means to develop students' sense of number, at the same time, it is helpful to reduce the error of calculation and to test the result of calculation. In our daily life, we need to use the method of estimation to solve some problems which do not need to be calculated accurately or cannot be calculated accurately. Therefore, estimation is not only a learning content that must be mastered in mathematics learning, but also an essential skill in students' daily life. The author of this paper is a primary school mathematics teacher who works in the front line. In his years of teaching experience, he gradually feels that improving students' ability to estimate is of great help to students in learning mathematics, and in every aspect of our life, The scenario of applying estimation to solve practical problems often appears, which can promote students to understand the significance of learning and improve their enthusiasm for learning. Through interviews and questionnaires, this paper focuses on the evaluation of the ability of the sixth grade students in the second experimental primary school in Huimin District, and investigates the current situation of teachers' teaching and students' learning. Through the research and analysis of teachers and students, it is found that the mathematics teachers pay less attention to the estimation and the teaching strategy is single, and the high school students do not have the basic estimation consciousness and ability. Combined with his own experience in daily teaching work and the results of investigation, the author analyzes the causes of the deficiency of the current estimated teaching level and students' ability, and the teachers' insufficient mining of the estimated contents in the new edition of teaching materials. The ability to actively apply estimation to students is insufficient, so teachers do not attach importance to estimation teaching and students are not interested in learning estimation knowledge. According to the existing problems and forming factors, this paper summarizes the training strategies of estimating ability for the sixth grade students of the second experimental primary school in Huimin district. Some ideas on how to improve students' estimation ability are put forward. Mainly from the aspect of recognizing the importance of estimation, strengthening the awareness of estimation, guiding students to use reasonable and effective teaching strategies to help students master the correct estimation method and the opportunity of applying the estimation method. And can take the initiative to estimate the knowledge of daily life, develop a good habit of estimation. So that our school teachers can be used in the actual teaching work, training and improving our sixth grade students' estimation ability.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G623.5

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