太原市小学生课外体育自我效能感的调查研究
发布时间：2018-10-31 17:24
【摘要】：自我效能感理论是美国著名的心理学家班杜拉于上世纪七十年代中后期提出的。该理论自提出之后,就引起了人们的广泛关注。许多学者和研究者在深入研究自我效能感的基础理论之后,将其与自身所处的实践领域相联系,并采取有效手段,尝试实现自我效能理论与实践的有效结合,取得了一定的成果,使得该理论在社会实践的许多领域里发挥了重要的指导作用。随着研究的不断深入,该理论目前已深入到心理学和教育学之外的其他许多领域里,在此背景下,体育学领域中的自我效能感研究也取得了一定的发展。近年来,少年儿童参与体育锻炼的情况不容乐观。值得注意的是,学生身体素质下降、参与体育活动的积极性不高等问题已经引起了社会各界的关注。小学生群体是少年儿童群体的主体组成部分,对其参与课外体育活动的现状进行调查并运用自我效能感理论进行分析和指导显得格外重要。本研究采用文献资料法、调查法、数理统计法和逻辑分析法,以自我效能感的相关理论为基础,借助国外成熟的自我效能感量表,直接翻译并设计了针对小学生群体的课外体育自我效能感量表及问卷,并对新的量表进行了信度和效度检验。对太原市小学生进行抽样调查后,测量了其课外体育自我效能感,并采用科学的研究方法对结果进行分析和评估,为今后继续深入研究提高小学生课外体育自我效能感的方法和策略奠定基础。研究结论如下：(1)综合分析太原市小学生课外体育自我效能感得分情况可知：大部分调查对象的得分等级为中等,良好和优秀等级的人数不多,不合格得分的人数较少,总体得分情况为中等。(2)小学男生和女生在课外体育自我效能感得分方面不存在显著性差异。处在小学中年级阶段的三、四年级小学生与处在小学高年级阶段的五年级小学生在效能得分各方面均存在极其显著性差异,高年级小学生的课外体育自我效能感各方面得分均更高。另外,小学生课外体育自我效能感得分与他们对体育的喜好程度之间存在极其显著的相关关系；与他们自主选择的体育运动项目之间不存在显著的相关关系。对体育运动的喜好程度越深,自我效能感各方面的得分也越高。(3)家庭体育、社区体育和校内课外体育作为外部因素影响着小学生的课外体育自我效能感。家庭体育与小学生课外体育自我效能感之间呈非常显著的相关关系,体育氛围良好的家庭,小学生的课外体育自我效能感得分较高；社区体育与小学生课外体育自我效能感之间呈非常显著的相关关系,良好的社区体育氛围会提高小学生的课外体育自我效能感；校内课外体育与小学生课外体育自我效能感之间的相关关系也非常显著,适量而积极的校内课外体育活动能够给小学生带来较高的课外体育自我效能感。
[Abstract]:The theory of self-efficacy was put forward by Bandura, a famous American psychologist in the late 1970s. Since it was put forward, the theory has aroused widespread concern. After deeply studying the basic theory of self-efficacy, many scholars and researchers associate it with their own practice field, and take effective measures to realize the effective combination of self-efficacy theory and practice. Some achievements have been made, which makes the theory play an important guiding role in many fields of social practice. With the deepening of the research, the theory has been in many fields other than psychology and pedagogy. In this context, the study of self-efficacy in the field of physical education has also made a certain development. In recent years, the situation of children participating in physical exercise is not optimistic. It is worth noting that the decline of students' physical fitness and the low enthusiasm for participating in sports activities have attracted the attention of all walks of life. Primary school students' group is the main part of children's group. It is very important to investigate the present situation of their participation in extracurricular sports activities and to use the theory of self-efficacy to analyze and guide them. This research adopts the literature method, the investigation method, the mathematical statistics method and the logic analysis method, based on the related theory of self-efficacy, with the help of foreign mature self-efficacy scale, This paper directly translated and designed the extracurricular sports self-efficacy scale and questionnaire for primary school students, and tested the reliability and validity of the new scale. After the sampling survey of primary school students in Taiyuan, the sense of self-efficacy of extracurricular sports was measured, and the results were analyzed and evaluated by scientific research methods. It lays a foundation for further research on the methods and strategies of improving the students' sense of self-efficacy in extracurricular sports. The research conclusions are as follows: (1) Comprehensive analysis of the score of extracurricular sports self-efficacy of primary school students in Taiyuan shows that most of the subjects' scores are medium, the number of good and excellent grades is not large, and the number of unqualified scores is relatively small. The overall score was medium. (2) there was no significant difference between boys and girls in extracurricular sports self-efficacy. There were significant differences in the scores of efficacy between the third and fourth grade pupils in the middle grade and the fifth grade in the upper grade of the primary school. The scores of extracurricular PE self-efficacy of senior pupils were higher. In addition, there is an extremely significant correlation between the scores of extracurricular sports self-efficacy and their degree of sports preference, and there is no significant correlation between the scores of students' self-selected sports items and their sports preferences. The deeper the degree of preference for sports, the higher the score of self-efficacy. (3) Family sports, community sports and extracurricular physical education in school as external factors affect the self-efficacy of extracurricular sports of primary school students. There is a very significant correlation between family sports and extracurricular sports self-efficacy of pupils. In families with good sports atmosphere, pupils have higher scores of extracurricular sports self-efficacy. There is a very significant correlation between community sports and extracurricular sports self-efficacy of primary school students. A good community sports atmosphere can improve the students' extracurricular sports self-efficacy. The correlation between extracurricular sports and extracurricular sports self-efficacy of pupils is also very significant. Proper and active extracurricular sports activities can bring students a higher sense of extracurricular sports self-efficacy.
【学位授予单位】：山西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G623.8
本文编号：2303023
[Abstract]:The theory of self-efficacy was put forward by Bandura, a famous American psychologist in the late 1970s. Since it was put forward, the theory has aroused widespread concern. After deeply studying the basic theory of self-efficacy, many scholars and researchers associate it with their own practice field, and take effective measures to realize the effective combination of self-efficacy theory and practice. Some achievements have been made, which makes the theory play an important guiding role in many fields of social practice. With the deepening of the research, the theory has been in many fields other than psychology and pedagogy. In this context, the study of self-efficacy in the field of physical education has also made a certain development. In recent years, the situation of children participating in physical exercise is not optimistic. It is worth noting that the decline of students' physical fitness and the low enthusiasm for participating in sports activities have attracted the attention of all walks of life. Primary school students' group is the main part of children's group. It is very important to investigate the present situation of their participation in extracurricular sports activities and to use the theory of self-efficacy to analyze and guide them. This research adopts the literature method, the investigation method, the mathematical statistics method and the logic analysis method, based on the related theory of self-efficacy, with the help of foreign mature self-efficacy scale, This paper directly translated and designed the extracurricular sports self-efficacy scale and questionnaire for primary school students, and tested the reliability and validity of the new scale. After the sampling survey of primary school students in Taiyuan, the sense of self-efficacy of extracurricular sports was measured, and the results were analyzed and evaluated by scientific research methods. It lays a foundation for further research on the methods and strategies of improving the students' sense of self-efficacy in extracurricular sports. The research conclusions are as follows: (1) Comprehensive analysis of the score of extracurricular sports self-efficacy of primary school students in Taiyuan shows that most of the subjects' scores are medium, the number of good and excellent grades is not large, and the number of unqualified scores is relatively small. The overall score was medium. (2) there was no significant difference between boys and girls in extracurricular sports self-efficacy. There were significant differences in the scores of efficacy between the third and fourth grade pupils in the middle grade and the fifth grade in the upper grade of the primary school. The scores of extracurricular PE self-efficacy of senior pupils were higher. In addition, there is an extremely significant correlation between the scores of extracurricular sports self-efficacy and their degree of sports preference, and there is no significant correlation between the scores of students' self-selected sports items and their sports preferences. The deeper the degree of preference for sports, the higher the score of self-efficacy. (3) Family sports, community sports and extracurricular physical education in school as external factors affect the self-efficacy of extracurricular sports of primary school students. There is a very significant correlation between family sports and extracurricular sports self-efficacy of pupils. In families with good sports atmosphere, pupils have higher scores of extracurricular sports self-efficacy. There is a very significant correlation between community sports and extracurricular sports self-efficacy of primary school students. A good community sports atmosphere can improve the students' extracurricular sports self-efficacy. The correlation between extracurricular sports and extracurricular sports self-efficacy of pupils is also very significant. Proper and active extracurricular sports activities can bring students a higher sense of extracurricular sports self-efficacy.
【学位授予单位】：山西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G623.8
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