民国时期小学语文课程中的审美教育研究

发布时间：2018-11-04 14:07

【摘要】：审美教育在我国的教育史上,自古有之。近代以来,王国维在我国首先提出西方的审美教育,蔡元培更是将美育的理论与实践相结合运用于学校教育当中。民国时期,审美教育逐渐开始融入到小学课程当中。本文对民国时期小学语文课程的审美教育政策背景及课程的基本要素进行了梳理,概括出了小学语文课程中审美教育的特征及存在的主要问题,并提出了合理的启示,为当今我国学校的审美教育工作提供宝贵的历史经验。在本研究中,主要运用文献研究法、历史研究法、个案研究法,对民国时期的审美教育政策背景,以及小学语文课程的目标、内容、教学方法、评价这四个方面当中的审美教育分别进行全方面的分析。本研究共分为六个组成部分:第一部分,引言。主要阐述了选题的缘由,对相关的核心概念进行界定,系统梳理总结了相关的文献,分析了本研究的价值,介绍了研究的方法。第二部分,民国时期小学审美教育政策的背景。本研究在开篇分三个时期,民国初年至“新学制”颁布期间、“新学制”颁布后至南京国民政府成立期间、南京国民政府期间,介绍了小学审美教育政策的背景。第三部分,民国时期小学语文课程中的审美教育目标与内容。在这部分介绍了小学语文课程的审美教育目标,分析了课程内容及教科书中的审美教育内容。第四部分,民国时期小学语文课程中的审美教学方法与评价。这部分主要论述了课程中的审美教学方法及实施中的审美教学,并分析了课程评价对审美教育的影响。第五部分,民国时期小学语文课程中审美教育的特征。民国时期小学语文课程中蕴含的审美教育特征可以概括为:审美教育目标逐渐形成、教科书中的审美教育内容丰富、审美教学方法注重美读与欣赏、各类教育测验是评价审美能力的重要方式。第六部分,民国时期小学语文课程中审美教育存在的问题与当代启示。通过以上的研究,得到小学语文课程中审美教育存在的主要问题为:审美教育目标不够清晰、审美教学方法实施不足、审美教育评价体系还未建立。同时,得出对当今我国小学审美教育的启示为:制定明确的审美教育目标、利用好教育资源进行审美教学、充分开展课外审美活动、建立完善的审美教育评价制度、创建独立的审美教育课程。
[Abstract]:Aesthetic education has existed since ancient times in the history of education in China. Since modern times, Wang Guowei first put forward the western aesthetic education in our country, and Cai Yuanpei applied the theory and practice of aesthetic education to school education. During the period of the Republic of China, aesthetic education gradually began to be integrated into the primary school curriculum. This paper combs the background of the aesthetic education policy and the basic elements of the Chinese curriculum in the Republic of China, summarizes the characteristics and main problems of the aesthetic education in the primary school Chinese curriculum, and puts forward some reasonable enlightenment. It provides valuable historical experience for the aesthetic education in our schools. In this study, we mainly use literature research, historical research, case study, the aesthetic education policy background of the Republic of China, as well as the primary school language curriculum objectives, content, teaching methods, Evaluation of the four aspects of aesthetic education are analyzed in all aspects. This study is divided into six parts: the first part, introduction. This paper mainly expounds the reason of choosing the topic, defines the related core concepts, systematically combs and summarizes the relevant literature, analyzes the value of this study, and introduces the research methods. The second part, the background of the elementary school aesthetic education policy in the Republic of China. This study is divided into three periods at the beginning of the study, from the beginning of the Republic of China to the promulgation of the new school system, from the promulgation of the new school system to the establishment of the Nanjing National Government, and from the period of the Nanjing National Government to the background of the aesthetic education policy in primary schools. The third part, the aesthetic education goal and content in the elementary school Chinese curriculum in the Republic of China. This part introduces the aesthetic education goal of primary school Chinese curriculum, analyzes the content of the curriculum and the aesthetic education content in the textbook. The fourth part, the aesthetic teaching method and evaluation in the elementary school Chinese curriculum in the Republic of China. This part mainly discusses the aesthetic teaching methods in the curriculum and the aesthetic teaching in the implementation, and analyzes the impact of curriculum evaluation on aesthetic education. The fifth part, the characteristics of aesthetic education in the Chinese curriculum in the Republic of China. The characteristics of aesthetic education contained in the Chinese curriculum of elementary school in the Republic of China period can be summarized as follows: the aesthetic education goal is gradually formed, the content of aesthetic education in textbooks is rich, and the aesthetic teaching method pays attention to beautiful reading and appreciation. All kinds of educational tests are an important way to evaluate aesthetic ability. The sixth part, the problems and contemporary enlightenment of aesthetic education in primary school Chinese curriculum in the Republic of China. Through the above research, the main problems of aesthetic education in primary school Chinese curriculum are: the goal of aesthetic education is not clear enough, the aesthetic teaching method is not enough, and the evaluation system of aesthetic education has not been established. At the same time, the enlightenment of aesthetic education in primary schools in our country is as follows: making clear aesthetic education objectives, making good use of educational resources to carry out aesthetic teaching, fully carrying out extracurricular aesthetic activities, and establishing a perfect evaluation system of aesthetic education. Create an independent aesthetic education curriculum.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G623.2

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