“颠倒课堂”理念下小学体育与健康课“前置性学习”设计和运用的研究

发布时间：2019-07-02 16:20

【摘要】：《义务教育体育与健康课程标准(2011版)》的基本理念明确提出要“激发学生的运动兴趣,培养学生体育锻炼的意识和习惯”、“以学生发展为中心,帮助学生学会体育与健康学习”。这两大理念给新课改浪潮下的体育与健康课提出了新的要求:教学与生活体验相联系,教学方式要适合学生,要重视学生主体地位,要注重培养学生自主学习、合作学习和探究学习的能力。本文试图借助时下流行的先进的“颠倒课堂”理念(也有译为“翻转课堂”),深入研究“颠倒课堂”理念下小学体育与健康课“前置性学习”设计原则和运用方法,以期通过采用前置性学习的方式来培养学生良好的体育学习习惯、自主学习能力和提高课堂效率。本研究运用文献资料法、实验法、问卷调查法、数理统计法等研究方法进行了深入细致的研究,研究结果表明:(一)小学体育与健康课“前置性学习”的设计应遵循:健康第一、学科性、趣味性、低入性、开放性、指导性、个人探究与合作相结合以及及时评价等原则;而任务单布置的形式、内容、时间、完成和反馈是“前置性学习”设计的5个主要要素。(二)小学体育与健康课“前置性学习”的运用应充分考虑其运用的时机、运用的形式以及能力的培养等几个关键因素。(三)从实验结果分析得出:小学体育与健康课合理的运用“前置性学习”能有效的改善小学生的主观锻炼体验,主要体现在小学生积极幸福感指数的明显增加,心理烦恼的减少以及疲劳度的降低。(四)根据实验结果得知:小学体育与健康课合理的运用“前置性学习”能较大的提高小学生对体育学习的兴趣,主要体现在学生运动参与程度的提高、积极兴趣和自主学习程度的提升,消极兴趣的降低。(五)实验结果表明:由于小学体育与健康课“前置性学习”的合理运用,使小学生的体育学习兴趣极大的激发,小学生们积极主动的参与到练习中去,从而使小学生50米、立定跳远和掷实心球的成绩明显提高,促进了小学生身体素质的提高。(六)经过理论分析和实验论证说明:小学体育与健康课运用“前置性学习”是可行的。
[Abstract]:The basic concept of the Curriculum Standard for Compulsory Education and Health (2011 Edition) clearly sets out the "To arouse the students' interest in sports and to train the students' consciousness and habit of physical training" and the "With the development of the students as the center, to help the students learn the sports and healthy learning". The two main ideas put forward the new requirements for the sports and health class under the wave of new curriculum reform: the teaching and the life experience are related, the teaching method is suitable for the students, the students should pay attention to the students' main status, and the ability of the students to study independently, to cooperate in learning and to explore and study is to be paid attention to. In this paper, the author tries to study the design principle and the application method of the "pre-learning" of primary school physical education and health class in the reverse classroom with the help of the advanced "reverse-class" idea (which is also translated into the" turning-over class"), in order to train the students' good sports learning habits by adopting the way of pre-learning. Autonomous learning ability and improving classroom efficiency. This study conducted a thorough study on the methods of literature, experiment, questionnaire and mathematical statistics. The results of the study show that: (1) The design of the "prepositional learning" of primary school physical education and health course should follow: the first, the subject, the interest and the low-entry; The principles of openness, guidance, individual inquiry and cooperation, and timely evaluation, and the form, content, time, completion and feedback of the task order layout are the five main elements of the "prepositional learning" design. (2) The application of the "prepositional learning" of primary school physical education and health course should take full consideration of the timing of its application, the form of application and the cultivation of the ability. (3) From the result of the experiment, it is concluded that the reasonable application of the "prepositional learning" in primary school physical education and health class can effectively improve the subjective exercise experience of the primary school students, which is mainly reflected in the increase of the positive well-being index of the primary school students, the decrease of the psychological distress and the reduction of the fatigue degree. (4) According to the experimental results, the rational use "prepositional learning" of primary school physical education and health class can improve the interest of the primary school students to the sports study, which is mainly reflected in the improvement of the degree of participation of the students, the improvement of the positive interest and the degree of self-study, and the decrease of the negative interest. (5) The results of the experiment show that, due to the reasonable application of the "prepositional learning" of the primary school physical education and the health course, the students' interest in sports learning is greatly stimulated, and the primary school students are actively involved in the practice, so that the performance of the primary school students of 50 meters, the standing long jump and the throwing solid ball is obviously improved, And the physical fitness of the primary school students is improved. (6) After theoretical analysis and experimental proof, it is feasible to use "prepositional learning" in primary school physical education and health course.
【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G623.8

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