湖北省来凤县洗车小学的体育困境与改革对策研究
发布时间：2019-07-03 17:43
【摘要】：在教育改革,全面实施素质教育的背景下,山区农村小学的教育,特别是体育教育,是值得我们关注的,那是我们教育较薄弱的环节。体育在培养学生的团队精神、合作意识、坚强的意志品质等方面具有无法替代的作用,但是在多种因素的制约下,例如体育教师的严重缺失、场地与器材的不足、政策制度的难以落实等,山区农村学校的体育令人担忧。洗车小学作为一所山区农村小学,在发展中同样遇到较多的挑战,与我国山区农村小学有共性的东西,不过也有其自身的不同,因此运用文献资料法、问卷调查法、田野调查法、个案分析法等研究方法,对湖北省来凤县漫水乡洗车小学的师资结构、学生情况、体育课教学、体育场地设施情况、教师对学校体育的重视程度等方面进行调查与分析,望从其体育发展的状况,分析出洗车小学在体育改革中遇到的困境,希望为改善洗车小学以及与洗车小学类似的山区农村小学的体育工作,提供改善现实的依据或供给参考的对策。通过研究得出以下几点结论:(1)洗车小学开设有体育课,且一、二、三年级基本上能按课表上课,四年级的体育课经常被“主课”所占用。(2)洗车小学的体育教学缺乏教学组织、内容较陈旧、计划性不强、且受到场地器材条件的严重限制。学生们非常喜爱体育活动,但在多种因素的限制下,运动技能处于较低水平,较缺乏基本的体育知识。(3)在洗车小学,无专职体育教师,兼任体育教学的教师缺乏相应的体育知识、体育技能及组织体育教学和开展体育活动的能力,也无专门的培训,难以实现“强化学校体育,促进学生身心健康全面发展”的任务。学校及相关部门对山区小学的体育发展关注不够、投入不足,洗车小学的体育改革任重道远。(4)在教育改革的背景下,洗车小学也曾试图将具有民族特色的活动与课余体育活动相结合,在课间安排了摆手舞的活动,取得了一些效果。(5)洗车小学学生的体质健康状况呈现的特点是:学生的肺活量与体重指数总体处于较理想的状态;坐位体前屈和一分钟仰卧起坐绝大多数学生处于及格水平,良好与优秀的比例偏少;由于场地、器材等的限制,许多测试项目无法展开。(6)针对洗车小学的状况,提出的对策是:改善体育师资、开拓体育课程资源规范体育课教学、推进政策与落实制度。
[Abstract]:Under the background of educational reform and comprehensive implementation of quality education, the education of rural primary schools in mountainous areas, especially physical education, is worthy of our attention, which is a weak link in our education. Physical education plays an irreplaceable role in cultivating students' team spirit, cooperation consciousness, strong will quality and so on, but under the restriction of many factors, such as the serious lack of physical education teachers, the shortage of venues and equipment, the difficulty of implementing the policy system and so on, the physical education of rural schools in mountainous areas is worrisome. Car wash primary school, as a rural primary school in mountain area, also faces many challenges in its development. It has something in common with rural primary schools in mountainous areas of our country, but it also has its own differences. Therefore, by using the methods of literature, questionnaire, field investigation, case analysis and other research methods, this paper makes a study on the teacher structure, student situation, physical education teaching and sports venue facilities of Manshui Township car washing Primary School in Laifeng County, Hubei Province. This paper investigates and analyzes the teachers' attention to school physical education, and hopes to analyze the difficulties encountered in the physical education reform of car washing primary schools from the point of view of the development of physical education. It is hoped that in order to improve the physical education work of car washing primary schools and rural primary schools in mountainous areas similar to car washing primary schools, the basis for improving the reality or the countermeasures for providing reference are provided. Through the study, the following conclusions are drawn: (1) there are physical education classes in car washing primary schools, and grades 1, 2 and 3 can basically be taught according to the schedule, and the physical education classes in grade 4 are often occupied by "main classes". (2) the physical education teaching in car washing primary schools is lack of teaching organization, the content is old, the planning is not strong, and it is seriously limited by the conditions of venue and equipment. Students love sports activities very much, but under the restriction of many factors, sports skills are at a low level and lack of basic physical education knowledge. (3) in car washing primary schools, there are no full-time physical education teachers, teachers who are also serving as physical education teaching lack the corresponding physical education knowledge, physical skills and the ability to organize physical education teaching and carry out physical activities, and there is no special training, so it is difficult to achieve "strengthening school physical education." The task of promoting students' physical and mental health and all-round development. Schools and related departments have not paid enough attention to the development of physical education in mountain primary schools, insufficient investment, and the physical education reform in car washing primary schools has a long way to go. (4) under the background of educational reform, car washing primary schools have also tried to combine activities with national characteristics with after-school sports activities, and arranged hand dancing activities between classes. Some results have been achieved. (5) the physical health status of the primary school students of car washing is characterized by: the vital capacity and body mass index of the students are in an ideal state as a whole; Most of the students are in the passing level, the proportion of good and excellent is less; because of the limitation of venue and equipment, many test items can not be carried out. (6) in view of the situation of car washing primary school, the countermeasures are: improving physical education teachers, opening up physical education curriculum resources to standardize physical education teaching, promoting policy and implementation system.
【学位授予单位】：首都体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G623.8
本文编号：2509562
[Abstract]:Under the background of educational reform and comprehensive implementation of quality education, the education of rural primary schools in mountainous areas, especially physical education, is worthy of our attention, which is a weak link in our education. Physical education plays an irreplaceable role in cultivating students' team spirit, cooperation consciousness, strong will quality and so on, but under the restriction of many factors, such as the serious lack of physical education teachers, the shortage of venues and equipment, the difficulty of implementing the policy system and so on, the physical education of rural schools in mountainous areas is worrisome. Car wash primary school, as a rural primary school in mountain area, also faces many challenges in its development. It has something in common with rural primary schools in mountainous areas of our country, but it also has its own differences. Therefore, by using the methods of literature, questionnaire, field investigation, case analysis and other research methods, this paper makes a study on the teacher structure, student situation, physical education teaching and sports venue facilities of Manshui Township car washing Primary School in Laifeng County, Hubei Province. This paper investigates and analyzes the teachers' attention to school physical education, and hopes to analyze the difficulties encountered in the physical education reform of car washing primary schools from the point of view of the development of physical education. It is hoped that in order to improve the physical education work of car washing primary schools and rural primary schools in mountainous areas similar to car washing primary schools, the basis for improving the reality or the countermeasures for providing reference are provided. Through the study, the following conclusions are drawn: (1) there are physical education classes in car washing primary schools, and grades 1, 2 and 3 can basically be taught according to the schedule, and the physical education classes in grade 4 are often occupied by "main classes". (2) the physical education teaching in car washing primary schools is lack of teaching organization, the content is old, the planning is not strong, and it is seriously limited by the conditions of venue and equipment. Students love sports activities very much, but under the restriction of many factors, sports skills are at a low level and lack of basic physical education knowledge. (3) in car washing primary schools, there are no full-time physical education teachers, teachers who are also serving as physical education teaching lack the corresponding physical education knowledge, physical skills and the ability to organize physical education teaching and carry out physical activities, and there is no special training, so it is difficult to achieve "strengthening school physical education." The task of promoting students' physical and mental health and all-round development. Schools and related departments have not paid enough attention to the development of physical education in mountain primary schools, insufficient investment, and the physical education reform in car washing primary schools has a long way to go. (4) under the background of educational reform, car washing primary schools have also tried to combine activities with national characteristics with after-school sports activities, and arranged hand dancing activities between classes. Some results have been achieved. (5) the physical health status of the primary school students of car washing is characterized by: the vital capacity and body mass index of the students are in an ideal state as a whole; Most of the students are in the passing level, the proportion of good and excellent is less; because of the limitation of venue and equipment, many test items can not be carried out. (6) in view of the situation of car washing primary school, the countermeasures are: improving physical education teachers, opening up physical education curriculum resources to standardize physical education teaching, promoting policy and implementation system.
【学位授予单位】：首都体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G623.8
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