通过语文作业训练提高小学生自主学习能力的教学策略研究
发布时间：2019-07-09 13:38
【摘要】：《基础教育课程改革纲要》指出教学实践坚持以人为本,让学生主动学习,要提高他们的自主学习能力(1)。自主学习,是一种高层次的学习方式,体现了学生的创新精神。小学生自主学习能力的提高无论对教师教学还是学生发展都具有重要意义。随着新课程改革的不断深入,在新课改理念的指导下,不管是专家还是教师对通过课堂改革来提高学生的自主学习能力都有了深入的研究,但在作业训练中提高自主学习能力的研究却被遗忘在了角落,这正是本论文要研究的方向。本论文在吸收先进的教育理论和经验的基础之上,从作业训练这一教学的环节出发,研究语文教师如何通过作业训练来提高学生的自主学习能力。以潍坊市寒亭区第二实验小学三到六年级的部分学生和教师为调查对象,并结合语文学科的特点,分别进行了调查问卷,从中我们了解到了目前小学语文作业训练在设计方面的现状及存在的问题,首先教师对待作业训练的观念陈旧,主要表现在作业训练布置的主体是教师;作业训练的内容围绕书本,以“书面”为主;作业训练缺乏层次性,其次作业训练的形式单调,第三作业训练的批改和评价形式单一。这些问题必然使学生的学习效率低,对学习的积极性和热情缺乏,学生不愿意学,从何处谈能自主学习,因此要想提高学生的自主学习能力,必须对语文作业训练的的设计进行研究。作业训练是语文教学一个重要的组成部分,它既包括为完成语文教学任务而布置的课堂内的练习,这是对自己听课效果进行检查的有效方式,也包括课堂外学生参加的各种体验式活动,这是把所学知识在生活实践中检验的重要途径。针对存在的问题,分析了原因如下:学校缺乏合理的评价机制;教师用书偏重于基础知识;教师缺乏足够的精力进行作业训练的改革;学生对作业训练懒于动脑和探究;家长对作业训练重视程度不够。根据存在的问题和原因总结出了通过作业训练提高学生自主学习能力要坚持一定的原则:有趣性、多样性、层次性、发展性的原则,同时还要坚持一定的标准。在这些原则和标准的指导下,制定了具体的教学策略,主要从增加作业训练的类别和提高作业训练评价的有效性两个大方面来阐述,里面提供了很多教学案例以及所取得的成效。从实践情况来看,这些教学策略具有有针对性和可操作性,同时,这些策略注重调动学生学习的积极性,注重学习方法的指导和能力的提高,而且与学生的实际生活联系密切,从教学实践和生活实践出发,逐步提高学生的自主学习能力。
[Abstract]:The outline of basic Education Curriculum Reform points out that teaching practice should adhere to people-oriented, let students take the initiative to learn, and improve their autonomous learning ability (1). Autonomous learning is a high-level way of learning, which embodies the innovative spirit of students. The improvement of pupils' autonomous learning ability is of great significance to both teachers' teaching and students' development. With the deepening of the new curriculum reform, under the guidance of the new curriculum reform concept, both experts and teachers have conducted in-depth research on improving students' autonomous learning ability through classroom reform, but the research on improving autonomous learning ability in homework training has been forgotten in the corner, which is the direction of this paper. On the basis of absorbing advanced educational theory and experience, this paper studies how Chinese teachers can improve students' autonomous learning ability through homework training. Taking some students and teachers in the third to sixth grades of the second experimental primary school in Hanting District of Weifang City as the objects of investigation, and combining with the characteristics of Chinese subjects, we carried out questionnaires respectively, from which we learned the present situation and existing problems of Chinese homework training in primary school. First of all, teachers' concept of homework training is old, which is mainly manifested in the fact that the main body of homework training arrangement is teachers. The content of homework training revolves around books and is mainly "written", which is lack of hierarchy, followed by monotonous form of homework training and single form of correction and evaluation of the third homework training. These problems must make students' learning efficiency low, lack of enthusiasm and enthusiasm for learning, students are unwilling to learn, from where to talk about autonomous learning, so in order to improve students' autonomous learning ability, we must study the design of Chinese homework training. Homework training is an important part of Chinese teaching. It not only includes the exercises arranged in the classroom to complete the Chinese teaching task, which is an effective way to check the effect of listening to the class, but also includes all kinds of experiential activities attended by students outside the classroom, which is an important way to test the knowledge learned in life practice. In view of the existing problems, this paper analyzes the following reasons: the lack of reasonable evaluation mechanism in schools; the emphasis on basic knowledge in teachers' books; the lack of sufficient energy for teachers to carry out the reform of homework training; the laziness of students in homework training and inquiry; and the insufficient attention paid by parents to homework training. According to the existing problems and reasons, it is concluded that to improve students' autonomous learning ability through homework training, we should adhere to certain principles: the principles of interest, diversity, hierarchy and development, and at the same time adhere to certain standards. Under the guidance of these principles and standards, this paper formulates specific teaching strategies, mainly from two aspects: increasing the category of homework training and improving the effectiveness of homework training evaluation, which provides a lot of teaching cases and the results achieved. From the practical point of view, these teaching strategies have pertinence and maneuverability. At the same time, these strategies pay attention to arousing students' enthusiasm for learning, paying attention to the guidance of learning methods and improving their ability, and are closely related to students' actual life. Starting from teaching practice and life practice, these strategies gradually improve students' autonomous learning ability.
【学位授予单位】：鲁东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G623.2
本文编号：2512180
[Abstract]:The outline of basic Education Curriculum Reform points out that teaching practice should adhere to people-oriented, let students take the initiative to learn, and improve their autonomous learning ability (1). Autonomous learning is a high-level way of learning, which embodies the innovative spirit of students. The improvement of pupils' autonomous learning ability is of great significance to both teachers' teaching and students' development. With the deepening of the new curriculum reform, under the guidance of the new curriculum reform concept, both experts and teachers have conducted in-depth research on improving students' autonomous learning ability through classroom reform, but the research on improving autonomous learning ability in homework training has been forgotten in the corner, which is the direction of this paper. On the basis of absorbing advanced educational theory and experience, this paper studies how Chinese teachers can improve students' autonomous learning ability through homework training. Taking some students and teachers in the third to sixth grades of the second experimental primary school in Hanting District of Weifang City as the objects of investigation, and combining with the characteristics of Chinese subjects, we carried out questionnaires respectively, from which we learned the present situation and existing problems of Chinese homework training in primary school. First of all, teachers' concept of homework training is old, which is mainly manifested in the fact that the main body of homework training arrangement is teachers. The content of homework training revolves around books and is mainly "written", which is lack of hierarchy, followed by monotonous form of homework training and single form of correction and evaluation of the third homework training. These problems must make students' learning efficiency low, lack of enthusiasm and enthusiasm for learning, students are unwilling to learn, from where to talk about autonomous learning, so in order to improve students' autonomous learning ability, we must study the design of Chinese homework training. Homework training is an important part of Chinese teaching. It not only includes the exercises arranged in the classroom to complete the Chinese teaching task, which is an effective way to check the effect of listening to the class, but also includes all kinds of experiential activities attended by students outside the classroom, which is an important way to test the knowledge learned in life practice. In view of the existing problems, this paper analyzes the following reasons: the lack of reasonable evaluation mechanism in schools; the emphasis on basic knowledge in teachers' books; the lack of sufficient energy for teachers to carry out the reform of homework training; the laziness of students in homework training and inquiry; and the insufficient attention paid by parents to homework training. According to the existing problems and reasons, it is concluded that to improve students' autonomous learning ability through homework training, we should adhere to certain principles: the principles of interest, diversity, hierarchy and development, and at the same time adhere to certain standards. Under the guidance of these principles and standards, this paper formulates specific teaching strategies, mainly from two aspects: increasing the category of homework training and improving the effectiveness of homework training evaluation, which provides a lot of teaching cases and the results achieved. From the practical point of view, these teaching strategies have pertinence and maneuverability. At the same time, these strategies pay attention to arousing students' enthusiasm for learning, paying attention to the guidance of learning methods and improving their ability, and are closely related to students' actual life. Starting from teaching practice and life practice, these strategies gradually improve students' autonomous learning ability.
【学位授予单位】：鲁东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G623.2
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