欧盟援助非洲教育政策的发展演变研究

发布时间：2018-05-24 11:22

本文选题：援助 + 教育政策　；参考：《浙江师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：欧盟和非洲,自殖民时期起,便有着千丝万缕的联系。而非洲作为世界上发展中国家最多的区域,经济、政治、文化条件的相对落后对于较为发达的欧洲来说,尤其是殖民和被殖民关系的牵引下,两者在近现代历史上就形成了牢固的援助体系。欧盟援助非洲的教育政策通过历史方法梳理,在时间上分为四个阶段。第一阶段是殖民时期历史关系下欧盟成员国对非洲国家的援助,这时期的教育援助相对较少,但也存在部分非洲国家希望教育立国强国和欧洲国家在殖民地通过传教士传播文化、文明的目的下兴办学校建立高等教育等情况。非洲国家在反殖民时期,各国即使获得了独立,但是依然离不开欧洲国家对其的援助政策。第二阶段是欧共体时期教育援助更为政策化、制度化,在“联系制度”阶段、《雅温得协定》阶段、《洛美协定》阶段到《科托努协定》阶段的政治援助体系下,教育政策的国对国援助逐渐发展起来,并随着欧共体的一体化和欧盟的成立走向集体实施援助。第三阶段是欧盟正式成立后,援助非洲的教育政策与国际体系相呼应,更加重视非洲地区援助的相关教育政策。欧盟援助非洲教育政策的实施通过以双边援助为主,与多边援助方式配合进行；因而其成员国代表欧盟援助非洲的教育政策也是研究之重。配合千年发展目标和全民教育运动等全球性政策,欧盟在援助非洲教育政策上走向较为完整的政策体系,资金来源和审计方式有了保障,援助非洲的教育政策范围广、可靠性强。第四阶段是随着非洲联盟的成立,欧盟援助非洲的教育政策发展为欧盟与非盟的合作的框架下进行的,这一阶段欧盟更推崇合作的形式进行教育政策的援助,因而欧盟与非洲以合作的形式,提倡“两个联盟、一个视角”,两个联盟至今已分别在欧洲和非洲国家成功召开四次峰会,通过交流与合作方式,制定“非洲联合欧盟战略行动计划”、两个非洲教育的十年计划等等。欧盟援助非洲教育政策持续时间长、援助范围广等,在未来发展的走势上更强调合作与交流。秉持长久以来援助非洲、发展非洲的目的,在教育领域推行合作的方式,制定促进教育质量、教育公平、校际合作、高等教育合作等相关的教育政策。欧盟援助非洲教育政策的发展演变,长达50多年甚至更久的援助历史,对21世纪中国或其他国家对非洲进行教育政策方面的援助时,具有一定意义上的借鉴和启示作用。
[Abstract]:The European Union and Africa have been inextricably linked since colonial times. And Africa is the region with the largest number of developing countries in the world. The relative backwardness of its economic, political and cultural conditions is especially driven by colonial and colonial relations for the more developed Europe. Both have formed a solid aid system in modern history. The European Union's educational policy on aid to Africa is sorted out through historical methods and is divided into four stages in time. The first stage was the assistance given to African countries by European Union member States under the historical relations of the colonial period, during which the aid for education was relatively small. However, some African countries hope to educate the powerful nations and the European countries to set up schools and establish higher education for the purpose of spreading culture and civilization through missionaries in the colonies. In the anti-colonial period, even though African countries gained independence, they still could not get away from European aid policy. The second stage is that educational aid is more policy-oriented and institutionalized during the European Community period, under the political aid system in the "linkage system" stage, the Yaound 茅 Agreement stage, the Lom 茅 Agreement stage to the "Cotonou Agreement" stage. State-to-country aid of education policy developed gradually, and with the integration of the European Community and the establishment of the European Union, the aid was carried out collectively. The third stage is that after the establishment of the European Union, the educational policy of aid to Africa is in line with the international system, and more attention is paid to the relevant educational policies of aid in Africa. The implementation of EU aid to Africa education policy is carried out mainly through bilateral aid and in coordination with multilateral aid, so the educational policy of EU member states on behalf of EU aid to Africa is also the focus of research. In line with global policies such as the Millennium Development goals and the Education for all campaign, the European Union has moved towards a more complete policy system on education policy in Africa, with funding sources and audit modalities guaranteed, and education policies for Africa in a wide range of areas. High reliability. The fourth stage was carried out within the framework of the cooperation between the European Union and the African Union, with the establishment of the African Union and the development of the European Union's education policy for Africa. In this stage, the European Union has more in favour of cooperation in the form of educational policy assistance. Thus, in the form of cooperation between the EU and Africa, the EU advocates "two coalitions, one angle of view." so far, the two coalitions have successfully held four summits in Europe and Africa, respectively, through exchanges and cooperation. Develop the United African Union Strategic Plan of Action, two ten-year plans for education in Africa and so on. The European Union's aid to Africa education policy lasts for a long time and has a wide range of aid, and it emphasizes cooperation and exchange in the future development trend. With the aim of assisting Africa and developing Africa for a long time, we should carry out cooperation in the field of education, and formulate educational policies that promote the quality of education, education equity, inter-school cooperation, and cooperation in higher education. The development and evolution of educational policy of EU aid to Africa has a history of aid for more than 50 years or more, and it has a certain significance of reference and inspiration to China or other countries in the 21st century in providing aid to Africa in terms of educational policy.
【学位授予单位】：浙江师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G511

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