引领与自主：学校变革中的教师领导与管理

发布时间：2018-04-13 12:12

本文选题：学校变革 + 教师管理　；参考：《华东师范大学》2011年博士论文

【摘要】：促进教师专业发展不但需要诸多的外部条件,还需要学校内部组织文化、领导风格、管理理念、教学变革等方面的更新与转变。而与教师日常工作最密切的教师领导与管理在促进教师发展方面更起着关键作用。本文探讨促进教师发展的领导与管理,认为正确的领导需要有效的管理来实现,而管理也需要领导的价值引领和目标导向。单维的领导或管理都不可能真正调动教师的积极性和自主性、发展教师的专业能力、增强教师较高的成就感。只有变革领导模式、更新管理理念,在领导与管理层面齐头并进,才有可能提升教师专业发展的质量和水平,并唤醒教师的职业尊严。论文首先对我国改革开放以来教师管理变革的成效与问题作了简要的分析。尽管改革开放以来我国中小学在教师管理方面取得了一些成效,如教师管理流程逐步完善,多样化的教师管理模式丰富了我国教师管理理论与实践的发展,教师专业发展得到关注等等,但同时也存在着一些问题,如组织结构的科层化制约了教师管理的本质,管理效率低,教师自我管理意识淡薄,教师专业发展缺乏有效的促进机制,有利于教师专业发展的学校文化、学习型组织、激励和保障制度等有待建设。基于对教师管理现状的分析,本文认为,在当前我国学校转型与变革的背景下,各种力量、利益、关系都处在不断重组和形成之中,人作为学校变革、学校持续性发展的决定性力量正在引起更多的关注。在这种背景下,学校领导与管理如果仅仅依靠传统的制度约束、控制、简单的奖惩已不能适应变革的要求,这就需要重新认识教师在领导与管理中的角色与作用,正确认识人的价值,发挥不同层面主体的主观能动性,成就多元主体的生命精彩。然后,论文探讨了学校变革进程中教师领导与管理的方式转变。实现重心下移,关注对教师领导力的开发,从方法论的视角加强对教师管理适切性的研究,注重对教师专业发展的专业引领,才是有效调动教师自主性、主动性和创造性的动力机制。接下来,论文对影响教师领导与管理的因素进行分析。认为教师的发展是一个连续的、动态的、纵贯教师整个职业生涯的过程,在学校转型性变革的进程中,影响教师发展的各种因素错综交织,不断变化。可以说,正是基于内外部诸多因素共同发挥积极的、有效的作用这一前提,教师领导与管理促进教师的发展才能取得实质性的进展。外部因素主要侧重于地方教育行政部门的支持与帮助,内部因素更多聚焦在组织文化、学校领导、中层管理者、教师领导者、教师自我更新意识等几个层面。最后,作为教师领导与管理的实践应用,领导与管理教师专业发展的原则和策略也是论文探讨的重点。由于教师专业发展具有阶段性、多层次性、多主体性等特点,对教师专业发展的领导与管理也应遵循一定的原则：长程性、适切性、公平性、创造性和自主性原则。而如何领导与管理教师专业发展,论文也提出了策略上的建议：研究性学习团队的培育,教师职业生涯的规划,教师领导力的开发以及教师专业自觉的提升。
[Abstract]:To promote the professional development of teachers not only need a lot of external conditions, also need within the school organizational culture, leadership style, management philosophy, renewal and transformation of teaching reform and other aspects. And teachers' leadership and management most closely with the teacher's daily work in promoting teachers' development plays a key role of leadership and management to promote the development of teachers in this paper, that the right leadership needs effective management to realize, but management also needs the value of leadership guidance and goal orientation. The single dimensional leadership or management can not really mobilize the enthusiasm and initiative of teachers, teachers' professional development ability, enhance teachers' high sense of achievement. Only change leadership model, update management the idea, go hand in hand in the leadership and management level, can enhance the quality and level of teachers' professional development, teachers' occupation dignity and wake up.
This paper first makes a brief analysis on the achievements and problems of teacher management reform in China since reform and opening up. Although since the reform and opening up of schools in our country has made some achievements in the management of teachers, such as teachers in the management process is gradually perfected, diversified teachers management model enriches the theory and practice of teacher management in our country, teachers' professional the development of attention and so on, but there are also some problems, such as organization of restricting the essence of teacher management, low efficiency of management, teachers' self-management consciousness, the professional development of teachers is lack of effective mechanisms to promote teachers' professional development, is conducive to the school culture, learning organization, incentive and security system as to the building.
Analysis of teacher management based on the present situation of this paper argues that, in the current school reform and transformation under the background of the various forces, interests, relations are in constant restructuring and forming, as school reform, the decisive force of sustainable development of the school is to attract more attention. In this context, School leadership and management if only rely on institutional constraints, the traditional control, simple punishment has been unable to meet the demand of reform, it is necessary to re understanding of teachers' role in leadership and management, correct understanding of value, subjective initiative play different aspects of the subject, the achievement of multi subject life wonderful.
Then, the paper discusses the transformation of teacher school reform in the process of leadership and management. To achieve the center of gravity, concerned about the development of teacher leadership, strengthen the research on the appropriateness of the management of teachers from a methodological perspective, focusing on the professional development of teachers professional guidance, is the effective mobilization of teacher autonomy, initiative and dynamic mechanism creative.
Next, this paper makes an analysis on the influencing factors of teacher leadership and management. That teacher development is a continuous, dynamic process, runs through the whole teacher occupation career, transformational change in the process of schools, various factors affecting teacher development interwoven, constantly changing. It can be said that it is many factors inside and outside based on common play a positive and effective role of the premise, the substantive progress of teachers leadership and management to promote the development of teachers' support and help. The external factors mainly focus on the local educational administrative departments, internal factors more focused on organizational culture, school leaders, middle-level managers, teachers, leaders, teachers' self renewal consciousness and other aspects.
Finally, as a practical application of teacher leadership and management, focusing on leadership and management of teachers' professional development principles and strategies. This thesis is with the stage of teachers' professional development, multi-level, multi subject, leadership and management of teacher professional development should follow certain principles: long range. Appropriateness, fairness, creativity and autonomy principle. And how the leadership and management of teachers' professional development, the paper also puts forward the suggestions: cultivating the study team, teacher occupation career planning, teacher leadership development and improve teachers' professional consciousness.

【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：G451.1

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