社会主体对教育学硕士研究生就业能力认知的差异研究

发布时间：2018-03-25 08:46

本文选题：就业能力　切入点：教育学　出处：《上海师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着高校研究生的扩招,研究生不再是社会上的“稀有品”,研究生就业形势也随之愈发严峻。其中,教育学硕士研究生由于学科、社会和自身原因在就业市场中更是处于“高不成、低不就”的尴尬处境。在影响教育学硕士研究生就业的众多因素中,其就业能力一直是国内外学者研究的重点。本研究通过自编的《社会主体对教育学硕士研究生就业能力认知的调查问卷》,分别针对学生、教师和用人单位三方主体进行问卷调查并进行后期的访谈。研究结果显示:1.不同主体对教育学硕士研究生就业能力的表现评价有差异。整体上,三方主体对职业态度的评价最高,对求职能力的评价最低。其中,评分最高的项目集中在普通话技能、忠诚、诚实和责任心上,评分最低的项目集中在科研能力和创新能力上。三者之间的差异表现在,教师对专业能力和求职能力现状的评分显著高于学生,学生对通用能力现状的自评分数显著高于用人单位,教师和学生对职业态度现状的评分显著高于用人单位。2.不同背景的教育学硕士研究生就业能力存在差异。其中,男生和女生在不同项目上的优势不同;高年级学生在部分项目上的分数明显高于低年级;工作经历的影响不明显;有过学生干部经历的学生分数普遍高于没有学生干部经历的学生。3.不同主体对就业能力重要性的评估差异不显著。整体上,学生、用人单位和高校教师对就业能力四个维度重要性评估的顺序从高到低依次是专业能力、职业态度、通用能力和求职能力,而且不同主体在对各个维度重要性排序上没有显著性差异。但是在就业能力的一些具体项目上,不同的主体有一定的侧重,如学生更重视学习能力,而用人单位更重视团队合作能力。本研究认为社会主体对教育学硕士研究生就业能力的认知差异是基于不同的环境和立场,因此三方主体应该正视这种差异,并采取以下措施来促进毕业生更好地就业:教育学硕士研究生应该认真撰写论文,提升综合能力;加强团队合作,培养集体意识;正视性别差异,发挥自身优势;高校应该关注研究生就业群体,进行有针对性的职业生涯指导;丰富课堂教学方法,引入探究合作学习方式;建立就业能力档案,记录学生的能力成长;用人单位应该及时与高校进行沟通,反馈毕业生的工作表现;正视毕业生能力不足现状,提供更多实习机会和岗前培训。
[Abstract]:With the expansion of graduate enrollment in colleges and universities, graduate students are no longer a "rare commodity" in society, and the employment situation of postgraduates is becoming more and more serious. In the job market, the social and self reasons are even more embarrassing. Among the many factors that affect the employment of postgraduates in education, The employment ability has been the focus of scholars at home and abroad. This study is aimed at the students through the questionnaire on the cognition of the social subjects to the employment ability of the postgraduates in education. Teachers and employers conducted a questionnaire survey and later interviews. The results show that different subjects have different performance evaluation on the employment ability of postgraduates in pedagogy. The evaluation of professional attitude was the highest and the evaluation of job search ability was the lowest among the three subjects. Among them, the items with the highest scores were focused on Mandarin skills, loyalty, honesty and sense of responsibility. The lowest scoring items were focused on scientific research ability and innovation ability. The difference among them was that teachers' scores on professional ability and job search ability were significantly higher than those of students. The number of students' self-rating on the status quo of general competence is significantly higher than that of employers, and the scores of teachers and students on the present situation of professional attitude are significantly higher than those of employers. 2. There are differences in the employment ability of postgraduates with different backgrounds. Boys and girls have different advantages in different projects; the scores of senior students in some projects are significantly higher than those of lower grades; the impact of work experience is not obvious; The scores of students with experience of student cadres are generally higher than that of students without experience of student cadres. 3. There is no significant difference between different subjects in evaluating the importance of employability. On the whole, students, The order of the evaluation of the importance of the four dimensions of employment ability of employers and university teachers is professional ability, professional attitude, general ability and job-seeking ability, from high to low. Moreover, there is no significant difference between different subjects in ranking the importance of each dimension. However, in some specific projects of employability, different subjects have certain emphasis, such as students pay more attention to learning ability, However, the employers pay more attention to the ability of teamwork. This study believes that the cognitive differences of social subjects to the employment ability of postgraduates in education are based on different environments and positions, so the three parties should face up to the differences. The following measures should be taken to promote the graduates to obtain a better job: the postgraduates of education should conscientiously write papers, enhance their comprehensive ability, strengthen their team cooperation, cultivate their collective consciousness, face up to gender differences, and bring their own advantages into full play. Colleges and universities should pay attention to the employment group of graduate students, carry out targeted career guidance, enrich classroom teaching methods, introduce cooperative learning methods, establish employment ability files and record students' ability growth. Employers should communicate with colleges and universities in time, feedback graduates' work performance, face up to the current situation of graduates' ability deficiency, and provide more practice opportunities and pre-job training.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G647.38;G643

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