硕士研究生创业能力评价研究

发布时间：2018-05-23 07:55

本文选题：硕士研究生 + 创业　；参考：《哈尔滨工业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着“大众创业、万众创新”的提出以及知识经济的到来,创新创业逐渐提升到国家战略高度。作为国家创新体系的组成部分和知识密集型组织,高校已经成为技术创新的来源和经济增长的动力。硕士研究生作为具有深厚理论的专业人才,作为知识经济时代的中坚力量,不仅是高等教育的课题,更是进行创业活动的主力军。本研究将理论和实证相结合,采用定性和定量相结合的研究方法,对硕士研究生创业能力的评价体系的建立及其应用进行了研究。本文在对国内外相关文献进行梳理和分析的基础上,结合人力资本理论、冰山模型理论、Timmons创业过程理论,通过访谈创业者,构建了基于理论的硕士研究生创业能力评价指标;采用实证研究的方法修正了初步建立的硕士研究生创业能力评价指标,形成了基于理论和实证的硕士研究生创业能力评价指标体系,其中一级指标3个,二级指标9个,三级指标25个,然后运用层次分析法对评价指标进行权重的设置。结合修正的调查问卷,对H大学的在读硕士生进行了硕士研究生创业能力评价指标体系的应用,得出H大学的硕士研究生创业能力处于良好的水平,男性硕士研究生比女性硕士研究生创业能力高,硕士二年级的创业能力比硕士一年级的创业能力高,理工科的硕士研究生创业能力高于经管类及人文类硕士研究生的创业能力,上过创业课程与未上过创业课程的硕士研究生创业能力差距不大,参加过创业活动的创业能力高于未参加过创业活动的创业能力。研究表明:硕士研究生目前具备较高的创业所需的心理素质,有一定的创业动机,但是在创业技能和创业知识上仍需较大提高。针对建立的硕士研究生创业能力评价指标及在应用结果分析中发现的问题,分别从硕士研究生个人层面、高校层面及政府层面提出了针对性的对策。在个人层面硕士研究生要正确客观的审视自己,对于有创业动机的群体,要不断地去学习完善自我;在高校创业教育层面,要转变创业教育理念,除了对硕士研究生科学研究的培养外,还要注重培养责任心等一些基本素质,同时要整合校内资源,建立创业教育的实现机制;在政府层面,政府要积极制定政策,并且保证政策的宣传和实施,加强与第三方的合作机制,为硕士研究生提供更多的融资渠道。
[Abstract]:With the introduction of "mass entrepreneurship, innovation" and the arrival of knowledge economy, innovation and entrepreneurship are gradually promoted to the national strategic height. As an integral part of the national innovation system and a knowledge-intensive organization, colleges and universities have become the source of technological innovation and the driving force of economic growth. As a professional with profound theory and as the backbone of the era of knowledge economy, graduate students are not only the subject of higher education, but also the main force in undertaking entrepreneurial activities. In this study, the establishment and application of the evaluation system of postgraduates' entrepreneurial ability are studied by combining theory and practice with qualitative and quantitative methods. On the basis of combing and analyzing the relevant literature at home and abroad, combined with human capital theory, iceberg model theory and Timmons' entrepreneurial process theory, this paper constructs the evaluation index of graduate students' entrepreneurial ability based on theory by interviewing entrepreneurs. Using the method of empirical research, this paper modifies the initial establishment of the evaluation index of graduate students' entrepreneurial ability, and forms an evaluation index system of graduate students' entrepreneurial ability based on theory and evidence, in which there are 3 first-degree indexes and 9 second-level indicators. Third level index 25, then use analytic hierarchy process to evaluate index to carry on weight setting. Combined with the revised questionnaire, this paper applies the evaluation index system of the graduate entrepreneurial ability of the graduate students in H University, and draws a conclusion that the entrepreneurial ability of the graduate students in H University is at a good level. The entrepreneurial ability of male graduate students is higher than that of female graduate students, the entrepreneurial ability of the second year of master degree is higher than that of the first year of master degree, the entrepreneurial ability of master degree of science and engineering is higher than that of the master of economics and management and humanities. There is no significant difference between the entrepreneurial ability of the graduate students who have taken entrepreneurship courses and those who have not attended the entrepreneurial courses. The entrepreneurial ability of those who have participated in entrepreneurial activities is higher than that of those who have not taken part in entrepreneurial activities. The research shows that the graduate students have higher psychological quality and motivation to start a business, but they still need to improve their entrepreneurial skills and knowledge. Aiming at the establishment of the evaluation index of the graduate students' entrepreneurial ability and the problems found in the analysis of the application results, the corresponding countermeasures are put forward from the individual level, the university level and the government level. At the individual level, graduate students should examine themselves correctly and objectively, and constantly study and improve themselves for those groups with entrepreneurial motivation. At the level of entrepreneurship education in colleges and universities, the concept of entrepreneurship education should be changed. In addition to the cultivation of scientific research for master's degree students, attention should also be paid to the cultivation of basic qualities such as responsibility, as well as the integration of school resources and the establishment of a mechanism for realizing entrepreneurship education. At the government level, the government should actively formulate policies. And guarantee the promotion and implementation of the policy, strengthen the cooperation mechanism with third parties, and provide more financing channels for graduate students.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G643;G647.38

【参考文献】