公地困境与制度分析:中国研究生教育管理体制渐进改革

发布时间：2018-08-01 16:52

【摘要】：在我国研究生教育管理体制改革中,"怕乱"是影响政策选择的一种常见心理现象。针对预期教育乱象的不确定性,政策部门通过预先约束策略空间、选择性激励、多元监控等渐进主义策略,较好地控制了大学追求自身利益最大化的机会主义行为,保障了体制改革的有序进行。从制度理性选择理论的视角看,乱象约束下的渐进政策调整是持不同理性标准的政策部门与政策目标群体(大学)在面临机会主义强激励但监控机制相对薄弱的特定情境下进行策略性互动的结果。由此,可以建立渐进政策调整的一个解释框架,即"公地困境与制度分析"。该框架表明,在相对稳定的行动者理性和资源属性、群体文化等情境诱因以及随政策调整力度加大而扩展的策略空间条件下,机会主义行为监控机制是影响政策调整模式选择的关键约束条件。
[Abstract]:In the reform of postgraduate education management system in China, fear of chaos is a common psychological phenomenon affecting policy choice. In view of the uncertainty of the expected educational chaos, the policy departments control the opportunistic behavior of universities in pursuit of maximizing their own interests through progressive strategies such as pre-restraint of policy space, selective incentive, multiple monitoring and so on. It has ensured the orderly implementation of the structural reform. From the perspective of the theory of institutional rational choice, The gradual policy adjustment under the constraint of chaos is the result of strategic interaction between policy departments and policy target groups (universities) with different rational standards under the specific circumstances of strong incentive but relatively weak monitoring mechanism in the face of opportunism. Therefore, we can establish an explanatory framework of gradual policy adjustment, that is, "Common Land Dilemma and Institutional Analysis". The framework shows that under the conditions of relatively stable actors' rationality and resource attributes, group culture and other situational incentives, as well as the expansion of policy space with the increase of policy adjustment, Opportunistic behavior monitoring mechanism is the key constraint to the choice of policy adjustment mode.
【作者单位】：国家教育行政学院;
【基金】：国家教育行政学院2007-2008青年专项课题“研究生教育自主管理模式生成机制研究”(课题编号为naeac0606)阶段性成果之一国务院学位办委托北京大学重点课题“中国研究生教育发展历史研究”的资助
【分类号】：G643

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