城市小区业主权利及其法律救济研究

发布时间：2018-04-22 15:12

本文选题：小区业主 + 业主权利　；参考：《长春工业大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着我国城镇化进程的加快,房地产市场逐渐炙手可热,越来越多的居民购买了商品房组成了自己的小家庭。原有的散落的楼房也逐渐围成了封闭的小区,由物业服务企业提供专业的物业服务,包括安保、保洁、供暖等服务一应俱全。居民购买房屋所获得的业主权利也越来越引起关注,业主与业主之间、业主与开发商之间、业主与物业服务公司之间的争议问题也在实践中层出不穷。业主如何维权,已经成为当今社会中的热点问题,倍受各界人士的关注。本文分为五部分,对城市小区业主权利及其法律救济问题进行了系统的研究。第一部分,绪论。主要介绍了本文的选题背景、研究现状、研究意义以及相关概念界定。本文认为业主权利包括专有权和共有权部分,以及非物权的业主参与管理的成员权。按性质分,业主权利属于私法范围内的权利束。第二部分分析了我国现有关于业主权利的法律规定。并通过研究业主权利在我国的现状,分析现行法律的缺陷。《物权法》第70至72条对业主的建筑物区分所有权进行了规定,明确了业主的专有部分与共有部分的权利与义务。第76条规定了业主参与业主大会与业主委员会的相关权利和义务。《物业管理条例》规定业主在物业管理活动中都应享受以下具体权利：1.享受服务的权利；2.建议权；3.投票权；4.选举权；5.知情权；6.监督权。第三部分研究了业主权利被侵犯的表现形式。其中物业企业对业主权利侵犯的表现形式包括：签订物业合同时的侵犯和物业合同履行期间侵犯业主的知情权。开发商对业主权利的侵犯的表现形式包括：1.质量问题；2.开发商拖延办理房屋产权证书；3.开发商不兑现承诺或擅自变更规划。第四部分对业主权利法律救济进行研究。当事人在权利受到损害时,可以通过权利救济方式,恢复原来被损害的权利。业主权利的救济方式主要包括民事诉讼和仲裁。业主权利的救济体系包括专有权救济体系、从属权救济体系、成员权救济体系和业主共同利益救济体系等几个方面。本文第五部分提出了完善我国业主权利法律保护制度的建议。首先应明确建筑物专有部分的确定标准及范围；并在此基础上完善业主自治权的运行机构和相关配套制度；最终通过规章制度的建立,明确物业服务企业的责任。本文通过以上研究,对业主权利的概念、性质、现有法律规定、救济途径和完善建议等进行了阐述,期望通过对业主权利系统的研究,能够使业主权利及维护业主权利的法律制度更全面具体,以满足日益凸显的业主维权纠纷对法律发展的需要。加强小区业主权利的法律保护与救济,对促进城市小区建设、构建和谐社会具有非常重要的意义。
[Abstract]:With the acceleration of urbanization in our country, the real estate market is becoming more and more popular, and more and more residents have bought commercial houses to form their own small families. The original scattered buildings also gradually surrounded by a closed community, by the property service enterprises to provide professional property services, including security, cleaning, heating and other services. The owners' rights acquired by residents to buy houses have attracted more and more attention. The disputes between owners and owners, between owners and developers, and between owners and property service companies are also emerging in practice. How to protect the rights of owners has become a hot issue in the society, and has attracted the attention of people from all walks of life. This paper is divided into five parts. The first part, introduction. This paper mainly introduces the background, research status, research significance and definition of related concepts. This paper holds that the owner's right includes exclusive right and co-ownership part, as well as the non-real right owner's right to participate in management. According to nature, owner's rights belong to the rights bundles within the scope of private law. The second part analyzes the existing legal provisions on owners' rights in China. By studying the present situation of owner's rights in our country, this paper analyzes the defects of the current law. Articles 70 to 72 of the Real right Law stipulate the owners' differentiated ownership of buildings, and make clear the rights and obligations of the exclusive part and the common part of the owner. Article 76 stipulates the rights and obligations of the owner to participate in the owners' meeting and the owners' committee. The property Management regulations stipulate that the owner shall enjoy the following specific rights: 1 in the property management activities. The right to services. Suggestion right 3. The right to vote. The right to vote is 5. The right to know Supervisory power The third part studies the manifestation of the infringement of owner's rights. The forms of the property enterprises' infringement on the owners' rights include: the infringement of the property contract and the infringement of the owner's right to know during the performance of the property contract. The developer's violation of the owner's rights takes the form of 1: 1. Quality problem 2. Developers delay the processing of housing title certificate documents 3. Developers do not honour commitments or unauthorized changes in planning. The fourth part carries on the research to the owner right legal relief. When the rights are damaged, the parties may restore the damaged rights by right relief. The remedy of owner's right mainly includes civil action and arbitration. The relief system of owner's right includes exclusive right relief system, subordinate right relief system, member right relief system and owner's common interest relief system. The fifth part of this article puts forward the suggestion of perfecting the legal protection system of owner's rights in our country. First of all, we should define the standard and scope of the proprietary part of the building; and on this basis, improve the operation of the owner's autonomy and related supporting system; finally, through the establishment of rules and regulations, clear the responsibility of the property service enterprises. Based on the above research, this paper expounds the concept, nature, existing legal provisions, remedies and suggestions of the owners' rights, and looks forward to the study of the owners' rights system. It can make the legal system of owners' rights and the protection of owners' rights more comprehensive and specific, in order to meet the needs of the legal development of the increasingly prominent rights disputes of the owners. It is of great significance to strengthen the legal protection and relief of the owners' rights to promote the construction of urban residential areas and to build a harmonious society.
【学位授予单位】：长春工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D923.2

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