房屋拆迁中增量利益关系之经济法调整

发布时间：2018-04-28 10:53

本文选题：房屋拆迁 + 民事补偿制度　；参考：《湘潭大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着中国经济的发展，尤其是依赖基础设施建设对经济拉动的政策前景和城镇化进程的迅速发展，土地征收，房屋拆迁等行为以及由此带来的一系列问题正逐渐成为社会热点，不仅牵涉成千上万被拆迁人的切身利益，考验着政府的执法能力和水平，矛盾丛生的背后更需要立法者全面深入对征收征用利益分配机制的进一步研究。作为一个经济法学的研究者，在对土地征收利益分配制度研究的同时，针对现实情况，我们着重从土地征收后产生的增量利益的角度出发，对重构土地征收分配制度进行分析研究。以往，在房屋拆迁中利益关系的调整，主要只有民事补偿的法律制度，城市房屋拆迁只给被拆迁人补偿其财产损失，农村房屋拆迁除了补偿其财产损失，还给一定的安置补助。在这种情况下，似乎拆迁人就有充分的理由要求被拆迁人服从拆迁；同时，有的拆迁人甚至还依赖司法机关的力量强制拆迁。事实上，只给予民事补偿的拆迁制度，还存在着很大的缺陷，何况拆迁人执行民事补偿的拆迁制度本身也存在很多瑕疵，因此，房屋拆迁产生了很多恶性案件。那么，怎样完善房屋拆迁制度呢？本文运用调整增量利益关系的经济法理论，提出了我们应当在完善民事补偿的房屋拆迁实体法和程序法制度的基础上，，构建调整房屋拆迁中增量利益关系的法律制度。因为拆迁人（政府及政府有关部门）和用地单位，通常都是以公共利益需要为由进行建设，而且拆迁人更是以社会整体发展利益的代表者，要求拆迁人服从拆迁。问题在于，被拆迁主体即使获得了拆迁的民事补偿，拆迁人和用地单位也并不一定能享有用地的优先权，被拆迁人也没有义务保障他们的这种优先权。因为拆迁人和用地单位在这个过程中，实际上是实现了他们自己的增量利益最大化，而被拆迁人难以从中分享其增量利益，国家的整体利益和社会公共利益也没有得到保障。这是现在房地产过热和拆迁纠纷居高不下的重要原因。因此，笔者主张房屋拆迁应当区别城市房屋拆迁和农村房屋拆迁的不同情况，在完善民事补偿实体和程序制度的基础上，重构能够保障国家整体和被拆迁人分享房屋拆迁的增量利益的法律制度。这里，本文着重论述了被拆迁人分享房屋拆迁的增量利益的法律制度的有关法律问题。
[Abstract]:With the development of Chinese economy, especially the policy prospect of relying on infrastructure construction to pull the economy and the rapid development of urbanization process, land expropriation, house demolition and a series of problems are gradually becoming social hot spots. It not only involves the vital interests of thousands of people who have been demolished, but also tests the ability and level of the government to enforce the law. As a researcher of economic law, while studying the interest distribution system of land expropriation, we focus on the angle of incremental interest after land expropriation. This paper analyzes and studies the reconstruction of land expropriation and distribution system. In the past, only the legal system of civil compensation was used to adjust the interest relationship in the house demolition. The urban house demolition only compensates for its property loss, and the rural house demolition only compensates for its property loss, and gives a certain amount of rehousing subsidy. In this case, it seems that the demolition person has a good reason to require the demolition person to obey the demolition; at the same time, some demolition people even rely on the power of the judicial organs to force the demolition. In fact, there are still many defects in the demolition system which only gives civil compensation. Moreover, there are also many defects in the demolition system of civil compensation. Therefore, there are many malignant cases of house demolition. So, how to improve the housing demolition system? Based on the economic law theory of adjusting incremental interest relationship, this paper puts forward that we should construct a legal system to adjust the incremental interest relationship in house demolition on the basis of perfecting the system of substantive law and procedural law of house demolition with civil compensation. Because the demolition person (the government and the government concerned department) and the land use unit, usually is carries on the construction according to the public interest need, moreover, the demolition person is the representative of the whole social development benefit, requests the demolition person to obey the demolition. The problem is that even if the subject gets the civil compensation for the demolition, the demolition person and the land unit will not necessarily enjoy the priority of land use, nor will they have the obligation to protect their priority. Because in this process, the demolition person and the land use unit actually realized their own increment benefit maximization, but the person who was demolished could not share its increment benefit, and the national whole interest and the social public interest also did not get the safeguard. This is the real estate overheating and demolition disputes remain high important reasons. Therefore, the author argues that the housing demolition should distinguish between the urban housing demolition and the rural housing demolition, on the basis of perfecting the civil compensation entity and the procedure system. Reconstructing the legal system which can protect the whole country and the person to be demolished to share the incremental benefits of the house demolition. This paper focuses on the legal issues of the legal system in which the occupants share the incremental benefits of the house demolition.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D922.29

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