论我国公共租赁住房融资法律制度

发布时间：2018-06-07 16:59

本文选题：公共租赁住房 + 融资模式　；参考：《西南政法大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着经济的快速发展以及人口的不断增长，出现了所谓的“夹心层”群体，如何保证“夹心层”群体的住房需求是保障人民基本住宅权的重要内容。在此背景下，我国开始探索公共租赁住房发展之路。但是，在探索公共租赁住房发展的道路上，遇到了很多问题，其中最突出的就是资金问题。本文从法律的角度对公共租赁住房的融资制度进行系统的分析和梳理，主要分为四个部分：第一部分是公共租赁住房的基本理论。该部分首先阐释公共租赁住房的概念和特征。公共租赁租住房是指限定建设标准和租金水平，面向符合规定条件的城镇中等偏下收入住房困难家庭、新就业无房职工和在城镇稳定就业的外来务工人员出租的保障性住房，具有产权共有、政府干预、主体特定、非盈利性等特征。其次研究公共租赁住房的制度价值。我国目前“夹心层”群体的住房需求得不到最基本的保障，严重影响了社会安定。在这样的背景下，国家开始大力发展公共租赁住房，不仅能够解决“夹心层”住房难的问题，也能克服房地产领域的市场失灵和政府失灵，完善我国的住房保障体系，促进社会公平。最后分析当前我国发展公共租赁住房存在的制约因素，特别是资金问题是最主要、最基本的问题。第二部分是重庆市公共租赁住房及其融资模式的概述。该部分首先阐述了重庆市公共租赁住房的融资现状，主要是由政府提供无偿划拨的土地、保障多样化的资金来源，充分发挥“第三财政”的保障作用并且构建明确融资还款模式。其次阐述重庆市公共租赁住房融资制度的困境，具体表现为政府投入不足、融资渠道有限、融资资金到位率低、缺乏专业的融资机构、赢利模式不明。最后分析造成公共租赁住房融资困境的原因，主要是缺乏完善的法律法规、公共租赁住房的价值取向问题、政府职能未能改变、政策性住房金融体制不完善以及其他相关配套制度不完善。第三部分是域外公共租赁住房融资模式的研究。该部分首先对德国、韩国、新加坡、美国和香港等五个发达国家和地区公共租赁住房的融资制度进行分析，然后得出可供我国公共租赁住房融资法律制度借鉴的经验，要充分发挥政府的主导作用，设立专门的融资机构，拓宽融资渠道、注重金融创新。在拓宽融资渠道当中，重点介绍REITs模式，分析REITs模式在我国公共租赁住房建设中的可行性以及在我国发展REITs模式的不利环境因素。第四部分是完善我国公共租赁住房融资法律制度的建议。首先明确我国公共租赁住房融资法律制度的政府责任原则和融资渠道多样化原则，其次是完善我国公共租赁住房融资模式的具体制度，包括明确各级政府职责，，完善现有的融资模式，对REITs进行专项立法，设立专门的融资管理机构，完善公共租赁住房的准入和退出机制，完善土地供给模式，完善税收政策和法规。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy and the continuous growth of population, the so-called "sandwich layer" group has emerged. How to ensure the housing demand of "sandwich layer" group is an important content of ensuring people's basic right to housing. In this context, our country began to explore the road to the development of public rental housing. However, on the way of exploring the development of public rental housing, there are many problems, the most prominent of which is the problem of funds. This paper systematically analyzes and combs the financing system of public rental housing from the angle of law. It is mainly divided into four parts: the first part is the basic theory of public rental housing. This part first explains the concept and characteristics of public rental housing. Public rental housing refers to the affordable housing that is limited to construction standards and rent levels and is available to families with moderate and lower income housing difficulties, newly employed workers without housing, and migrant workers who have stable employment in cities and towns. It has the characteristics of property ownership, government intervention, subject specific, non-profit and so on. Secondly, it studies the institutional value of public rental housing. At present, the housing demand of "sandwich layer" group can not be guaranteed at the most basic level, which seriously affects social stability. Against this background, the state has begun to vigorously develop public rental housing, which can not only solve the problem of "sandwich layer" housing difficulties, but also overcome market and government failures in the field of real estate, and perfect the housing security system in our country. Promote social equity. In the end, the author analyzes the restrictive factors existing in the development of public rental housing in China, especially the capital problem is the most important and basic problem. The second part is an overview of the public rental housing and its financing mode in Chongqing. This part first describes the financing status of public rental housing in Chongqing, mainly provided by the government free transfer of land, to ensure a variety of sources of funding. Give full play to the "third finance" and build a clear financing repayment model. Secondly, this paper expounds the predicament of public rental housing financing system in Chongqing, which is manifested by insufficient government input, limited financing channels, low availability of financing funds, lack of professional financing institutions, and unclear profit model. Finally, the paper analyzes the causes of the financing dilemma of public rental housing, mainly due to the lack of perfect laws and regulations, the value orientation of public rental housing, and the failure of government functions to change. The third part is the research on the financing mode of foreign public rental housing. This part first analyzes the financing system of public rental housing in five developed countries and regions, such as Germany, South Korea, Singapore, the United States and Hong Kong, and then draws the experience that can be used for reference in the legal system of public rental housing financing in China. We should give full play to the leading role of the government, set up special financing institutions, broaden financing channels and pay attention to financial innovation. In the process of broadening the financing channels, the emphasis is placed on the REITs model. This paper analyzes the feasibility of REITs model in the construction of public rental housing in China and the unfavorable environmental factors of developing REITs model in China. The fourth part is the suggestions to perfect the legal system of public rental housing financing in China. Firstly, it clarifies the principle of government responsibility and diversification of financing channels in the legal system of public rental housing financing in China. Secondly, it clarifies the specific system of financing mode of public rental housing in our country, including clarifying the responsibilities of governments at all levels. We should perfect the existing financing model, make special legislation on REITs, set up special financing management institutions, perfect the access and exit mechanism of public rental housing, perfect the land supply mode, and perfect the tax policy and regulations.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D922.181;F299.23

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