我国建设工程质量保修金法律规制研究

发布时间：2018-11-01 14:00

【摘要】：伴随自由企业经济的进展,建筑施工企业要面对着企业之间残酷的角逐。世界经济的一体化,不仅给我国的建筑行业提供了前所未有的发展机会,而且也带给我国难以避开的难题。投资主体日益多元化、投资规模不断上升、工程类型日趋多样,企业能否为社会提供质量高、工期短、造价低的建筑产品并保证工程质量是关键。随着科技的发展,社会的进步,我国建设企业如雨后春笋般不断壮大,大规模的开发建设伴随着的便是工程质量的严峻考验。而工程质量保修金则是从工程质量存在缺陷衍生而来,对于建设单位而言,工程质量保修金是工程质量的保护伞,对于施工单位而言,工程质量保修金则是对工程质量维护的承诺。由于工程质量保修金而引起的争执,直接侵害了工程权利人的经济利益,对权利人造成严重的权益侵害。法律要求建设机构对承建的项目有进行保修的义务,但是因为建设机构不把这样的规定当回事、延期修理通常让项目没有办法快速的被修理,这样就给工程权益人带来严重的经济影响,即使以诉讼的途径得到了补偿,也会浪费很多的精力与时间。在已经相继进入饱和状态的我国建设行业和房地产行业背后暴露出越来越多的质量问题,为防范风险,迫切需要建立健全建设工程合同管理制度。其中,建筑项目合约生效阶段都应该会遇到施工企业保证修理责任的问题,建设机构对质量保修金的规定也经常采取扣除部分项目结算款的方法,在建筑项目施工合约问题中建设企业经常在“保修期过后”要求归还作为押金的质量保修金。但在当下已经迎来微利时代,前进速度缓慢爬行的建筑行业,留置的建设工程质量保修金有可能成为施工单位所建工程的全部利润。然而,建设工程质量保修金制度在法律适用上依然存在许多问题,我国建设工程质量保修金法律规制的内容不全面,立法位阶不高,与其配套的法律责任和救济方式不明确。工程质量的维护与保修是缺陷责任方的义务,谁应当作为建设工程质量保修金的保管主体,是否发生建设单位破产,建设工程质量保修金便无从返还。建设工程质量保修金制度的法律规制或成为缓解建设单位与施工单位纠纷问题的非常有效的处理方式。因此,充分关注并深入研究我国建设工程质量保修金的法律规制问题对于建筑法律关系中的相关利益主体的经营发展有着十分重要的意义。
[Abstract]:With the development of free enterprise economy, construction enterprises have to face the cruel competition between enterprises. The integration of the world economy not only provides the unprecedented development opportunity for the construction industry of our country, but also brings the difficult problem that our country cannot avoid. The main body of investment is increasingly diversified, the scale of investment is rising, and the types of projects are becoming more and more diverse. Whether the enterprise can provide the society with high quality, short construction period, low cost of building products and guarantee the quality of the project is the key. With the development of science and technology and the progress of the society, the construction enterprises in our country are growing like bamboo shoots, and the large-scale development and construction is accompanied by the severe test of the engineering quality. The project quality guarantee is derived from the defects of the project quality. For the construction unit, the project quality guarantee is the umbrella of the engineering quality, and for the construction unit, Project quality warranty is a commitment to project quality maintenance. The dispute caused by the project quality guarantee directly infringes the economic interests of the project owner and causes serious infringement on the right holder. The law obliges the construction agency to guarantee the contracted project, but because the construction agency does not take such regulations seriously, the delay in repair usually leaves the project unable to be repaired quickly. This will bring serious economic impact to the engineering stakeholders, even if compensated by litigation, it will also waste a lot of energy and time. More and more quality problems have been exposed behind the construction industry and real estate industry, which have already entered the saturation state one after another. In order to prevent risks, it is urgent to establish and perfect the contract management system of construction projects. Among them, the construction project contract should be confronted with the problem of the construction enterprise's guarantee of repair responsibility during the effective stage of the construction project contract, and the construction organization often adopts the method of deducting part of the project settlement funds in accordance with the provisions of the quality guarantee fee. In the construction contract of construction project, the construction enterprise often asks for the return of the quality guarantee after the warranty period. But now has ushered in a small profit era, the construction industry moving slowly, the retention of construction project quality guarantee may become the construction unit to build all the profits. However, there are still many problems in the legal application of the construction project quality guarantee gold system. The content of the legal regulation of the construction project quality guarantee gold is not comprehensive, the legislative rank is not high, and the corresponding legal responsibility and relief methods are not clear. The maintenance and maintenance of engineering quality is the duty of the party responsible for the defects. Who should be the custodian of the quality guarantee of the construction project, whether the construction unit goes bankrupt or not, the quality guarantee of the construction project can not be returned. The legal regulation of construction quality guarantee gold system may become a very effective way to alleviate the disputes between construction units and construction units. Therefore, it is of great significance for the management and development of the relevant stakeholders in the legal relationship of construction to pay full attention to and deeply study the legal regulation of quality guarantee gold of construction projects in our country.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.297

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