突发性环境事件应急法制探讨

发布时间：2018-01-30 00:35

本文关键词： 突发性环境事件应急法制基本原则　出处：《重庆大学》2010年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 自从21世纪以来,环境风险开始以各种形式呈现在我们面前。突发性环境事件具有突发性、形式的多样性、危害的严重性和公共性的特点,因此在灾害发生时公众往往措手不及,给人民的生命财产安全、社会稳定和经济的发展带来了巨大的影响。突发性环境事件应急法制作为缓解这一问题的制度性安排,已成为各个国家的突发事件应对机制中重要的组成部分。因此,我国立法投入了大量的精力来建立和完善相关法制,并已初步建立起了相关的法律体系、制度体系以及组织体系。虽然我国的突发性环境事件的法制取得了一定的进展,但是目前我国法制在实践中依然在存在着一些不完善的问题。文章拟通过回顾我国突发性环境事件应急法制的形成,分析我国相应的应急法制现状,同时再借鉴国外的一些法制先进的国家相关经验来提出完善我国突发性环境事件应急法制的对策。本文分四个部分。第一部分,界定突发事件和突发性环境事件的概念,并分析其特征。同时,对典型突发性环境事件进行回顾分析其危害。在此基础上,为以后的论述作铺垫。第二部分,回顾我国突发性环境事件应急法制产生和发展的过程,为了解我国的突发性环境事件应急法制的缺陷打下基础。在回顾完相关的发展历史后,分析我国突发性环境应急法制目前存在的问题以及完善相关法制的必要性。第三部分,介绍国外先进的突发性事件应急法制先进的国家的立法以及相关的应对模式,从而为我国的突发性环境事件应急法制的完善提供先进的理念和模式。第四部分,针对我国目前相关法制所存在的基本问题,确立我国突发性环境事件应急法制所要遵循的原则,在此基础上来完善突发性应急法制相关的立法和制度。首先,确立基本原则,即应当遵循法治原则、环境风险预防、比例原则、人权保障原则和行政主导下的公众参与原则。其次,完善相应的法律体系,包括了宪法、环境保护法和环境行政法。最后,健全相关的制度,包括完善救济制度、信息公开制度、应急教育制度以及政府和非政府组织合作的制度。
[Abstract]:Since 21th century, environmental risks have been presented to us in various forms. Sudden environmental events have the characteristics of sudden, diverse forms, the severity of harm and public characteristics. Therefore, when disasters occur, the public is often caught unprepared, which brings great influence to the safety of people's life and property, social stability and economic development. As an institutional arrangement to alleviate this problem, the emergent environmental emergency legal system has become an important part of the emergency response mechanism in various countries. China's legislation has invested a lot of energy to establish and improve the relevant legal system, and has initially established the relevant legal system. Although the legal system of sudden environmental events in our country has made some progress. However, there are still some imperfect problems in the practice of our country's legal system at present. This article will review the formation of the emergency legal system of sudden environmental events in our country, and analyze the current situation of the corresponding emergency legal system in our country. At the same time, the author draws lessons from the relevant experiences of some advanced countries in foreign countries to put forward countermeasures to improve the emergency legal system of sudden environmental events in China. This paper is divided into four parts. In the first part, we define the concepts of emergency and sudden environmental events, and analyze their characteristics. At the same time, we review and analyze the hazards of typical sudden environmental events. Pave the way for later discussion. The second part reviews the process of the emergence and development of the emergency legal system of sudden environmental events in China, which lays a foundation for understanding the defects of the emergency legal system of sudden environmental events in China. After reviewing the relevant development history. This paper analyzes the problems existing in the emergent environmental emergency legal system in China and the necessity of perfecting the relevant legal system. The third part, introduces the foreign advanced emergency emergency legal system advanced legislation and related response models. Thus, it provides advanced ideas and models for the perfection of the emergency legal system of sudden environmental events in our country. Part 4th, aiming at the basic problems existing in the relevant legal system of our country at present, establish the principles that should be followed in the emergency legal system of sudden environmental events in our country. First of all, establish the basic principles, that is, should follow the principle of rule of law, environmental risk prevention, the principle of proportion. Secondly, improve the corresponding legal system, including the constitution, environmental protection law and environmental administrative law. Finally, improve the relevant system. It includes perfecting relief system, information disclosure system, emergency education system and cooperation system between government and non-governmental organizations.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D922.68

【引证文献】