有效民主:对自由民主的反思与修正

发布时间：2018-02-23 19:38

本文关键词： 有效民主自由民主国家治理财富再分配　出处：《天津社会科学》2017年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：自第三波民主转型开始,自由民主在新兴民主化国家就不断遭遇民主无效的困境。2016年美国大选暴露出美国社会的裂痕,证明自由民主的无效性在美国本土也没有出现例外。有效民主是针对自由民主在实践中出现的困境而提出的概念。与侧重于形式民主的自由民主不同,有效民主强调民主的有效性,即国家治理与民主的统一。它包含两层意思:首先,民主是能实现国家治理的。这意味着民主是国家治理的手段,任何一种民主模式,如果导致某个国家和社会出现持续的无序、内战或混乱,那它对于这个国家和社会而言就不是适合的民主模式。其次,国家治理是民主的。这里的民主不仅指向体现为自由民主的形式民主,还指向实质民主,即政府对不同群体的平等回应和社会财富的再分配。一个只有少数精英获益的国家,即使存在选举且能够维持稳定和有序,也不能被称为有效的民主国家。
[Abstract]:Since the third wave of democratic transformation, liberal democracy has been suffering from the plight of democracy in the newly democratized countries. The 2016 election in the United States exposed the rift of American society. Proof that there is no exception to the invalidity of liberal democracy in the United States. Effective democracy is a concept that addresses the dilemmas of liberal democracy in practice. Unlike liberal democracy, which focuses on formal democracy, Effective democracy emphasizes the validity of democracy, that is, the unity between national governance and democracy. It has two meanings: first, democracy can achieve national governance. This means that democracy is the means of national governance, any democratic model. If it leads to a constant disorder, civil war, or chaos in a country or society, then it is not a suitable democratic model for that country and society. Second, National governance is democratic. Democracy here points not only to democracy in the form of liberal democracy, but also to real democracy, that is, the equal response of governments to different groups and the redistribution of social wealth... a country that benefits only a small number of elites, Even if there are elections and can maintain stability and order, it cannot be called an effective democracy.
【作者单位】：华东政法大学政治学与公共管理学院;
【分类号】：D082

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