言论自由、政治结构与民主协商程序的多元构造

发布时间：2018-05-07 17:05

本文选题：言论自由 + 政治结构　；参考：《法制与社会发展》2016年05期

【摘要】：为弥补代议制的相对失灵,言论自由从传统的私人自主和消极权利属性向公共自主和积极权利属性扩展,力图通过畅通表达渠道,形成言论与政治结构的沟通,为公共决策重塑"基础结构"。其实现依赖于国家对表达资源的公平配置。在美国,司法审查倾向于对言论争议进行实体评判,将政治较量从代议平台转向司法过程,超越了政治结构的权力融贯逻辑,消解了民主的协商意蕴。当下中国深陷"权利话语"的情绪对抗中,无力将活跃的公共讨论导入公共决策机制。重新审视言论自由的宪法功能,立足于"意见—共识—公理"的递进,构建基于"意见"的公共交流机制、基于"共识"的公共决策机制和基于"公理"的公共协商机制,促成民主协商程序与政治结构的深度对接。
[Abstract]:In order to make up for the relative failure of representative system, the freedom of speech extends from the traditional attribute of private autonomy and negative rights to the attribute of public autonomy and positive rights, and tries hard to form the communication between speech and political structure through unimpeded channels of expression. Reshape the "infrastructure" for public decision-making. Its realization depends on the fair allocation of expressive resources by the state. In the United States, judicial review tends to make substantive judgments on speech disputes, shifting political contest from representative platform to judicial process, transcending the logic of power fusion of political structure and dispelling the meaning of democratic negotiation. At present, China is mired in the emotional confrontation of power discourse and is unable to lead active public discussion into public decision-making mechanism. Reviewing the constitutional function of freedom of speech, based on the progressive development of "opinion-consensus-axiom", constructing the public communication mechanism based on "opinion", the public decision-making mechanism based on "consensus" and the public consultation mechanism based on "axiom". Facilitate the deep docking of the democratic consultation process with the political structure.
【作者单位】：中南财经政法大学法学院;
【基金】：教育部人文社科项目“社会道德困境的宪法回应与宪法实施研究”(14YJC820039)
【分类号】：D90

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