基于模糊控制理论及ZigBee无线网络的智能水土侵蚀采样装置的研究

发布时间：2017-12-28 02:08

本文关键词：基于模糊控制理论及ZigBee无线网络的智能水土侵蚀采样装置的研究　出处：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：水土侵蚀是指土壤或成土母质在外力(水、风)作用下被破坏剥蚀、搬运和沉积的过程。水土侵蚀是土壤退化的一个最普遍的原因,全球约有80%的土地受到侵蚀,遭受水土侵蚀的土地达到10.94亿公顷,其中严重侵蚀达7.51亿公顷。大雨或暴雨对土体的击溅力强,径流量大,冲刷强烈往往造成严重的水土流失。近年来我国水土流失情况越来越严重,不断地恶化的土地情况越来越得到社会各界的高度重视,其中水土侵蚀是我国分布最广、危害最严重的水土流失类型,其总面积占国土面积的17%。降雨或冰雪冻融导致的地表径流是水土侵蚀的主要途径。目前,我国有很多科研部门和政府单位都在研究各个地区的水土侵蚀情况,研究水土侵蚀对我国的生态保护、农业生产、土地的合理利用都有极其重要的意义,但是,由于国内此方面的发展相对较晚,导致我国在水土测量采集方面的装置多数都从国外引进,国外的设备几乎处于垄断的地位,使得国内每年水土流失监测部门花费大量资金购买国外设备,因此水土流失采样设备的国产化意义重大。同时,在国产化的同时结合实际科研和工作要求对设备进一步的改造,生产出性能更佳价格更低的高质量的国产化产品,拥有自主的知识产权。国际上对于水土侵蚀的监测通常是通过搭建径流小区,采集雨后径流小区内产生的径流来分析水土侵蚀的情况。传统的采样装置使用有线方式进行数据传输,在恶劣的降雨环境中给操作者带来了很多的不便性,为了有线传输带来的不便性,本文基于无线局域网(ZigBee)技术,设计了一种智能的径流场水土侵蚀采样系统,用于自动采集雨后地表径流样本,并记录径流的流量强度和降雨强度等参数。装置采用TI公司的CC2530微处理器为核心控制器,负责无线数据收发及采样装置控制。该系统由无线手操器和多台径流采样装置组成。手操器和径流采样装置组成星型ZigBee网络进行数据传输,手操器作为中心节点负责整个网络的管理及对各个采样装置的控制。径流采样装置作为网络分节点根据手操器设定的采样规则自动对径流进行分离采样。对于径流采样规则的设定实现了人工设定和设备智能设定两种方式,智能设定方式采用了基于模糊数学的模糊逻辑控制算法,根据实时的降雨强度和径流强度信息建立合理的专家知识库,同时进行相应的模糊推理,得到更为合理的采样规则设定。经过现场实验,结合实验数据,验证了该系统具有使用方便、稳定性好等优点,对水土侵蚀设备的研制具有一定的参考价值。
[Abstract]:Soil and water erosion refers to the process of erosion, removal and deposition of soil or soil matrix under the action of external force (water and wind). Soil erosion is one of the most common causes of soil degradation. About 80% of the world's land is eroded, and the land that has suffered from water and soil erosion reaches 1 billion 94 million hectares, of which 751 million hectares are seriously eroded. Heavy rain or torrential rain has a strong splash force and large runoff, and the strong erosion is often caused by strong scour. In recent years, soil and water loss is becoming more and more serious in China. The deteriorating land is attracting more and more attention from all walks of life. Soil erosion is the most widely distributed and most serious soil and water loss type in China. Its total area accounts for 17% of the total land area. Surface runoff caused by rainfall or freezing and thawing is the main way of soil erosion. At present, there are many research departments and government units in the study of the various regions of the soil erosion, soil erosion research on China's agricultural production, ecological protection and reasonable utilization of land are extremely important, however, due to the development of the domestic equipment in our country is relatively late, resulting in soil sampling measurement most are imported from abroad, foreign equipment is almost in a monopoly position, so spend a lot of money to buy foreign equipment monitoring department of soil and water loss in China every year, so the loss of water and soil sampling equipment localization significance. At the same time, combined with the actual research and work requirements, we will further transform the equipment and produce better quality products with independent intellectual property rights. The monitoring of soil erosion in the world is usually by setting up a runoff plot, collecting runoff generated in the runoff plot after rain to analyze the situation of soil and water erosion. The traditional sampling device for data transmission using the wire, in the harsh environment of rain brought inconvenience to the operator of a lot of inconvenience to cable transmission, based on wireless local area network (ZigBee) technology, designed a kind of intelligent runoff and erosion sampling system for collecting rain runoff samples automatically. And record the runoff flow intensity and rainfall intensity. The device uses the CC2530 microprocessor of TI company as the core controller, which is responsible for the wireless data receiving and sampling device control. The system is composed of a wireless hand operator and a number of runoff sampling devices. The hand-operated device and the runoff sampling device constitute the star ZigBee network for data transmission. The hand-held device as the central node is responsible for the management of the entire network and the control of the sampling devices. The runoff sampling device automatically separate and sample the runoff as the network node according to the sampling rules set by the hand manipulator. The runoff sampling rules set to realize the artificial setting and intelligent equipment set in two ways, intelligent setting mode using fuzzy logic control algorithm based on fuzzy mathematics, according to the real-time rainfall intensity and runoff intensity information to establish the expert knowledge base is reasonable, at the same time. The corresponding fuzzy reasoning, get a more reasonable sampling rule set. Through field experiments and experimental data, it is verified that the system has the advantages of convenient operation and good stability. It has a certain reference value for the development of soil erosion equipment.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S157.1;TN92

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