华北地区玉米秸秆可饲化品种筛选及粮饲兼优栽培体系构建

发布时间：2018-01-02 20:39

  本文关键词：华北地区玉米秸秆可饲化品种筛选及粮饲兼优栽培体系构建　出处：《郑州大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

  更多相关文章： 饲用品质评定 玉米秸秆 主成分分析法

【摘要】：本研究首先采用饲料相对值法(Relative feed value,RFV)、隶属函数法(Subordinate function)、主成分分析法(Principal component analysis,PCA)和美国康奈尔净碳水化合物蛋白质体系(Cornell net carbohydrate and protein system,CNCPS)等四种方法对不同品种玉米秸秆的饲用品质分别评估,并对不同评价体系之间所用的方法和分析结果进行横向比较,初步确定主成分分析法在粗略评估玉米秸秆的饲用价值时,能兼顾多种影响因素,可操作性强,效率相对更高的一种方法。在此基础上,用主成分分析法粗略评估了华北地区34个玉米品种的秸秆品质,并对不同品种秸秆的饲用品质进行了排序。此外,为探讨华北地区主推的两个国审玉米品种郑单958和伟科702“粮饲兼优”的最佳栽培模式,分别设置了不同梯度的种植密度和施肥量,比较了不同栽培模式下籽粒产量、秸秆生物量和秸秆综合饲用价值等指标,分别筛选出了郑单958和伟科702“粮饲兼优”的最佳栽培体系,此结果可为本地区玉米种植户在籽粒相对稳产的基础上,实现“粮饲兼优”,在提高秸秆饲料化利用效率等方面提供重要技术支持;同时,也可适度提高农业附产值,有效减缓秸秆焚烧等环境问题。试验一针对华北地区种植的15个玉米品种,采用饲料相对值法、隶属函数法、主成分分析法和CNCPS法分别对其秸秆的营养价值进行评价分析。经综合比较分析,发现四种方法中主成分分析法是相对简单但又能较好的粗略评估玉米秸秆饲用价值的方法。试验二以华北地区规模化推广种植的34个玉米品种秸秆为材料,采用概略养分分析法和范氏纤维分析法等测定其营养品质,采用SPSS软件对玉米秸秆的饲用价值进行主成分分析和聚类分析。结果表明:34个玉米品种秸秆的饲用价值存在差异,由高到低依次为:NK718裕丰303隆平206联创808郑黄糯2号屯玉808蠡玉97秋乐218登海605联玉618天泰16华农138滑玉14先玉335浚单26漯单6号豫禾988迪卡667漯单9号先科338蠡玉35浚单20浚单29阳光98金玉1233蠡玉16阳光99濉玉1691蠡玉86吉祥1号滑玉12郑单958伟科702联玉58。聚类分析发现,NK718、裕丰303、隆平206为一类;联创808、郑黄糯2号、屯玉808、蠡玉97为一类;秋乐218、登海605、联玉618、天泰16、华农138、滑玉14、先玉335为一类;濉玉1691、蠡玉86、吉祥1号、滑玉12、郑单958、伟科702为一类;联玉58单独为一类;浚单26、漯单6号、豫禾988、迪卡667等13个品种聚为一大类。综合主成分分析及聚类分析结果可知,NK718、裕丰303、隆平206、联创808、郑黄糯2号、屯玉808和蠡玉97等品种秸秆的饲用品质相对较高,若遵从华北地区现有的耕作模式和栽培习惯,而又“粮饲兼顾”,则可优先种植这七个品种,以提高本地区秸秆的饲料化水平,增加农业附产值。试验三以两个国审玉米品种郑单958和伟科702为对象,参考华北地区现有的栽培模式,分别设计并构建研究了两个品种籽粒高产和秸秆饲用品质兼顾的丰产农艺技术体系。试验采用二因素完全随机区组设计,设置6万株/公顷、6.75万株/公顷、7.5万株/公顷和8.25万株/公顷共4个密度水平和5个施肥梯度,底肥:0kg/公顷、600kg/公顷、750kg/公顷、900kg/公顷和口肥750kg/公顷,采用主成分分析法,对不同栽培模式下玉米秸秆的饲用价值进行了评估,并结合籽粒产量和秸秆生物量,构建并初步验证了郑单958和伟科702在商丘和焦作等地区“粮饲兼优”的最佳栽培模式。
[Abstract]:This study first uses the relative feed value method (Relative feed value, RFV), the method of membership function (Subordinate function), principal component analysis (Principal component, analysis, PCA) and the Connell net carbohydrate protein system (Cornell net carbohydrate and protein system, CNCPS) and other four kinds of methods on different varieties of maize straw forage quality the evaluation methods and analysis respectively, and the different evaluation system by comparing the results, preliminary determine the feeding value of principal component analysis in rough assessment of corn straw, taking into account a variety of factors, strong operability, a relatively higher efficiency. Based on this method, a rough assessment 34 varieties of Corn Stalk Quality in North China by using principal component analysis, and forage quality of different varieties of straw were sorted. In addition, in order to explore the main push in North China Optimum cultivation model of two national trial corn variety Zhengdan 958 and vyk 702 "grain feed Jianyou, respectively set up plant density and fertilizer quantity of different gradient, compared the grain yield under different cultivation patterns, straw biomass and stalk forage value indexes were screened the optimum cultivation system of Zhengdan 958 and vyk 702" feed Jianyou, this result for corn growers in the region based on the relatively stable grain, the realization of "excellent forage", to provide important technical support to improve the straw feed utilization efficiency; at the same time, can also be appropriate to increase agricultural output value of straw burning, reduce environmental problems. 15 Maize Varieties Planted in North China in a test, the relative feed value method, membership function method, respectively. The nutritional value of the straw were analyzed by principal component analysis method and CNCPS method. Through the comprehensive Comparative analysis found that the four method of principal component analysis method is the value of a rough assessment of corn straw feed relatively simple but good. Two to 34 test varieties of corn straw to promote large-scale planting in North China as materials, the proximate analysis and fan fiber analysis method for determination of its nutritional quality., by principal component analysis and cluster analysis on the feeding value of corn straw by using SPSS software. The results showed that 34 varieties of Maize Straw Forage Value Differences from high to low: 303 NK718 Yufeng Longping 206 LIAN 808 Zheng Huangnuo 2 Tunyu 808 Liyu 97 qiule 218 Denghai 605 Lian Yu No. 16, 618 Huanong 138 Huayu 14 Xianyu 335 Jundan 26 Luodan No. 6 Henan Wo 988 Deckard 667 Luodan No. 9 SAST 338 Liyu 35 Jundan 20 Jundan 29 sun 98 Jinyu 1233 Liyu 16 sun 99 Sui Yu 1691 Liyu 86 auspicious No. 1 Huayu 12 Zhengdan 958 vyk 702 鑱旂帀58.鑱氱被鍒嗘瀽鍙戠幇,NK718,瑁曚赴303,闅嗗钩206涓轰竴绫，

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