添加剂对菌草灵芝菌糟发酵过程和品质的影响

发布时间：2018-01-02 23:24

  本文关键词：添加剂对菌草灵芝菌糟发酵过程和品质的影响　出处：《福建农林大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

  更多相关文章： 灵芝菌糟 绿汁发酵液 纤维素酶 木聚糖酶 发酵品质 化学成分

【摘要】：本研究以灵芝菌糟作为发酵原料,用绿汁发酵液、纤维素酶及木聚糖酶3种添加剂,设计了5个试验,研究了纤维素酶添加水平对灵芝菌糟发酵饲料发酵过程和品质的影响,木聚糖酶添加水平对灵芝菌糟发酵饲料发酵过程和品质的影响,绿汁发酵液和不同水平纤维素酶复合对灵芝菌糟发酵饲料发酵过程和品质的影响,绿汁发酵液和不同水平木聚糖酶复合对灵芝菌糟发酵饲料发酵过程和品质的影响,绿汁发酵液、纤维素酶和木聚糖酶及其复合添加对灵芝菌糟发酵饲料品质的影响,旨在为利用菌糟大规模生产优质发酵饲料提供理论依据。在本研究中,均设对照组(CON),试验一中,添加纤维素酶(CEL)处理,水平为500 U/kg (CEL1)、1000 U/kg (CEL2) 和2000 U/kg (CEL3);试验二中,添加木聚糖酶(XYL)处理,水平为1250 U/kg (XYL1)、2500 U/kg (XYL2) 和 5000 U/kg (XYL3);试验三中,添加复合添加剂组(MIX)处理,水平为2 ml/kg绿汁发酵液(FGJ)+500 U/k g CEL (MIX1)、2 ml/kg FGJ+1000 U/kg CEL (MIX2)和2 ml/kg FGJ+2000 U/kg CE L (MIX3)；试验四中,添加复合添加剂组(MIX)处理,水平为2ml/kg FGJ+1250U/kg XYL (MIX1)、2 ml/kg FGJ+2500U/kg XYL (MIX2) 和 2 ml/kg FGJ+5000 U/kg XYL (MIX);试验五中,添加2ml/kg FGJ、添加2000U/kg CEL、添加5000U/kg XYL、添加2ml/kg FGJ+2000U/kg CEL (MIX1)、添加2ml/kg FGJ+5000U/kg XYL (MIX2)、 2ml/kg FGJ+2000U/kg CEL+5000U/kg XYL (MIX3)。每个处理设3个重复,常温下贮存,分别在发酵第7d、14d、30d和60d开封,测定青贮的发酵品质和化学成分。试验一：在4个发酵天数时,3个纤维素酶添加水平都有显著效果。发酵7d时CEL2组的添加效果最佳,发酵30 d时CEL2和CEL3组的添加效果相近,均优于CEL1组,发酵14和60 d时CEL3组的添加效果最佳；伴随发酵天数增加,发酵饲料的乳酸(LA)呈增加的趋势,pH和干物质回收率(DMR)呈下降的趋势,气体损失率(GLR)显著升高(P0.05),可溶性碳水化合物(WSC)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和半纤维素(HC)呈减少的趋势,氨态氮(AN)显著增加(P0.05)；添加一定水平的纤维素酶能使发酵过程提前结束。试验二：在4个发酵天数时,3个木聚糖酶添加水平都有显著效果。发酵7d和14d时XYL1组的添加效果最佳,发酵30d和60d时3个XYL组的添加效果相近；伴随发酵天数增加,发酵饲料的LA呈增加的趋势,pH和DMR呈下降的趋势,GLR显著升高(P0.05),WSC、NDF以及HC呈减少的趋势,AN呈增加趋势；添加一定水平的木聚糖酶能使发酵过程提前结束。试验三：在4个发酵天数时,3个MIX组都有显著的添加效果。发酵7d时MIX2组的添加效果最佳,发酵14d、30d和60d时3个MIX组的添加效果相近；伴随发酵天数增加,发酵饲料的LA呈增加的趋势,pH、WSC、NDF和 HC呈下降的趋势,GLR、AN显著增加(P0.05)；绿汁发酵液和纤维素酶复合添加能使发酵过程提前结束。试验四：在4个发酵天数时,3个MIX组都有显著的添加效果。发酵7d、14d、30d和60d时均以MIX3组的添加效果最佳；伴随发酵天数增加,发酵饲料的LA呈增加的趋势,pH、DMR、WSC、NDF以及HC呈下降的趋势,GLR、AN显著增加(P0.05)；绿汁发酵液和木聚糖酶复合添加能加快乳酸发酵,使发酵过程提前结束。试验五：与CON组相比,各添加剂组的WSC极显著升高(P0.01), pH, GLR, NDF、HC、AN极显著降低(P0.01)；与FGJ组相比,MIX1组和MIX2组的LA显著和极显著升高(P0.05,P0.01),WSC极显著增加(P0.01),AN极显著降低(P0.01)。与CEL组相比,MIX1组的NDF极显著减少(P0.01),WSC极显著增加(P0.01)。与MIX1组和MIX2组相比,MIX3组的pH极显著降低(P0.01), GLR极显著降低(P0.01),ADF显著减少(P0.05)。综上所述,添加纤维素和木聚糖酶的效果均优于添加绿汁发酵液,但复合添加效果更佳,其中以MIX3的添加效果最佳。
[Abstract]:In this study, Ganoderma lucidum bad as fermentation materials, fermented green juice, cellulase and xylanase of 3 kinds of additives, 5 experimental design, the effects of cellulase supplementation on Ganoderma lucidum bad effect of fermented feed fermentation process and the quality of xylanase supplementation on effects of Ganoderma lucidum fermented feed fermentation process. And the quality of fermented green juice and different levels of Cellulase on Ganoderma lucidum worse effect of fermented feed fermentation process and the quality of fermented green juice and different levels of xylanase compound on Ganoderma lucidum bad effect of fermented feed fermentation process and the quality of the fermented green juice, cellulase and xylanase and its compound additive bad influence on Ganoderma lucidum fermentation feed quality, in order to provide theoretical basis for the large-scale production of high quality fermented feed bad bacteria. In this study, were divided into control group (CON), a test, adding fiber Cellulase (CEL) treatment, the level of 500 U/kg (CEL1), 1000 U/kg (CEL2) and 2000 U/kg (CEL3); the second test, adding xylanase (XYL) treatment, the level of 1250 U/kg (XYL1), 2500 U/kg (XYL2) and 5000 U/kg (XYL3) test; third, adding complex additives (MIX) treatment group, the level of 2 ml/kg fermented green juice (FGJ) +500 U/k g CEL (MIX1), 2 ml/kg FGJ+1000 U/kg CEL (MIX2) and 2 ml/kg FGJ+2000 U/kg CE L (MIX3); the fourth experiment, composite additive group (MIX), FGJ+1250U/kg XYL (level 2ml/kg MIX1), 2 ml/kg FGJ+2500U/kg XYL (MIX2) and 2 ml/kg FGJ+5000 U/kg XYL (MIX) test; fifth, added 2ml/kg FGJ, 2000U/kg CEL 5000U/kg XYL add, add, add 2ml/kg FGJ+2000U/kg CEL (MIX1), FGJ+5000U/kg XYL (MIX2) with 2ml/kg, 2ml/kg FGJ+2000U/kg CEL+5000U/kg XYL (MIX3). Each treatment set 3 repeat, room temperature storage Deposit, respectively in the fermentation 7d, 14d, 30d and 60d in Kaifeng, fermentation quality and chemical composition determination of silage. Experiment one: in 4 days of fermentation, 3 cellulase levels have a significant effect. When adding fermentation 7d effect in CEL2 group, after 30 d and group CEL3 CEL2 Tim with similar efficacy were better than group CEL1, 14 d and 60 CEL3 fermentation group to add the best effect; with the increase in the number of days of fermentation, lactic acid fermentation feed (LA) increased, pH and dry matter recovery rate (DMR) decreased, gas loss rate (GLR) increased significantly (P0.05) and water soluble carbohydrate (WSC), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and hemicellulose (HC) showed a decreasing trend, ammonia nitrogen (AN) increased significantly (P0.05); adding a certain level of cellulase can make the fermentation process ahead of the end of two: 4. Test in 3 days fermentation, xylanase add levels has significant effect If 7d and 14d added. The fermentation effect of group XYL1 was the best, 30d and 60d when adding fermentation effect of 3 XYL were similar; with the increase in the number of days of fermentation, fermentation of feed LA increased, pH and DMR decreased, GLR increased significantly (P0.05), WSC, NDF and HC were reduced the trend of AN showed an increasing trend; adding a certain level of xylanase can make the fermentation process ahead of the end. Experiment three: in 4 days of fermentation, 3 MIX groups have added significant effect. When adding fermentation 7d effect in MIX2 group, 14d 30d and 60d during the fermentation, the 3 MIX group the addition of similar effect; with the increase in the number of days of fermentation, fermentation of feed LA increased, pH, WSC, NDF and HC decreased, GLR, AN increased significantly (P0.05); fermented green juice and cellulase adding fermentation process. The test ahead of the end of four: in 4 days of fermentation when the 3 MIX groups are 鏄捐憲鐨勬坊鍔犳晥鏋，

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