寒露林蛙繁殖生物学特征及人工驯养初步研究

发布时间：2018-01-05 06:28

  本文关键词：寒露林蛙繁殖生物学特征及人工驯养初步研究　出处：《中南林业科技大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

  更多相关文章： 寒露林蛙 繁殖生物学 两性异形 人工驯养

【摘要】：寒露林蛙(Ranahanluica)分布于湖南省及湖南周边的江西、贵州等省份。国内外关于寒露林蛙的研究文献报道较少。作者于2015年3月至2016年11月,以郴州资兴八面山的养殖基地为依托,通过对寒露林蛙形态学指标的测定对寒露林蛙繁殖生物学包括繁殖季节、抱对个体的形态相关性、个体大小的两性异形、雌性繁殖输出、种群年龄组的划分、蝌蚪生长发育规律进行了较为系统的研究,同时对寒露林蛙人工驯养技术进行了初步的研究,主要研究结果如下:(1)寒露林蛙的繁殖季节为每年的9月中旬至10月下旬,繁殖期持续一个多月,繁殖类型为延长式繁殖,产卵类型为一次性产卵,并且每年分四个批次下山产卵,即有四个繁殖高峰期,在上个批次产卵结束后到下个批次产卵开始前的期间,无寒露林蛙产卵。(2)寒露林蛙的交配模式为体型优势交配,抱对产卵成功的雄蛙平均体长(50.01±0.56mm)显著大于不成功雄蛙的平均体长(47.98±0.71mm)(F(1,51)=1.760,P=0.028)。且在抱对选择的过程中形成有利于自身的平衡,体型大的雌性寒露林蛙选择与体型相对来说较大的雄蛙交配,体型小的雌性寒露林蛙选择与体型相对来说小的雄蛙交配。(3)寒露林蛙存在局部形态的个体大小两性异形,且属雌性偏大的两性异形模式(U=203.500,Z=-2.115,P0.05),其两性异形程度为0.065,二者平均体长的比值为1.069。此外,通过一元线性回归分析可知,寒露林蛙雌雄两性的体长与体重、头宽、吻长、体宽、后肢长、前臂及手长、胫长、足长呈显著的正相关,均随自身体长的变化而变化。(4)寒露林蛙的怀卵量随着其体长(r=0.853,P0.001)、体重(r=0.949,P0.001)以及体宽(r=0.797,P0.001)的增大而增加。此外,寒露林蛙在体长相同时,体重越大,体宽越大的雌性寒露林蛙怀卵量越多;体宽相同时,体重越大,体长越大的雌性寒露林蛙怀卵量越多;在体重相同时,体长和体宽的大小对雌性寒露林蛙怀卵量没有影响。(5)雌性和雄性的寒露林蛙各自的体长与体重存在的显著的幂指数相关,其中雌性体长与体重的曲线方程为y=4.579*10-5x3.127;雄性为y=0.001x2.527。雌性寒露林蛙可划分为5个年龄组,其中CⅠ年龄组体长40.40～48.40mm、CⅡ年龄组体长48.40～50.40mm、CⅢ年龄组体长50.40～58.40mm、CⅣ年龄组体长58.40～60.40mm、CV年龄组体长60.40～64.40mm;雄性寒露林蛙也可划分为5个年龄组,其中Ⅺ年龄组体长41.45～45.45mm、Ⅻ年龄组体长45.45～49.45mm、ⅩⅢ年龄组体长49.45～51.45mm、ⅩⅣ年龄组体长51.45～55.45mm、XV年龄组体长为 55.45～61.45mm。(6)通过对寒露林蛙蝌蚪体重、体长、尾长、体高、体宽5个形态学指标的Logistic、Gompertz和VonBertalanffy三种生长曲线模型的拟合得出,体重的最优拟合生长曲线模型有 Gompertz 方程 Y=0.857e-7.185exp(-0.025t)和 Von Bertalanffy方程Y=0.896(1-0.609e-0.012t)3这两种模型;体长的最优拟合生长曲线模型为Von Bertalanffy方程Y=14.528(1-0.382e-0.041t)3;尾长的最优拟合生长曲线模型为Von Bertalanffy方程Y=25.525(1-0.363e-0.025t)3;体高的最优拟合生长曲线模型为Von Bertalanffy方程Y=8.146(1-0.355e-0.025t)3;体宽的最优拟合生长曲线模型有Gompertz 方程 Y=10.850e-1.229exp(-0.023t)和 Von Bertalanffy 方程Y=10.912(1-0.347e-0.021t)3 这两种模型。(7)通过对喂食前各组寒露林蛙蝌蚪的体重、体长、体宽的差异性分析以及对其中两组喂食后各组完成变态后幼蛙体重、体长、体宽的差异性分析发现,同一时期孵化出的蝌蚪能通过喂食提高其变态完成期幼蛙的体重、体长、体宽,而在自然条件下完成变态的幼蛙,其体型大小不一。
[Abstract]:The dew of the forest frog (Ranahanluica) distributed in Hunan province and around Hunan, Jiangxi, Guizhou and other provinces. Reported less about R. hanluica at home and abroad. The author from March 2015 to November 2016 in Chenzhou Zixing eight mountains of breeding bases, through the cold Lulin morphological index determination on the reproduction of Rana chensinensis dew biology including the breeding season, with morphological correlation of individuals, sexual dimorphism in body size, female reproductive output, divide the population age groups, development of tadpoles were studied systematically, and the dew of forest frog artificial breeding technology were studied, the main results are as follows: (1) the dew of the breeding season the forest frog for the annual mid September to late October, breeding period lasted more than a month, to extend the breed type of breeding, spawning for one-time spawning, and each year is divided into four group That is four down spawning, breeding peak in batches after spawning to the next batch of eggs before the start of the period, no dew forest frog spawn. (2) mating patterns of forest frog is dew size advantage mating, males hold on average body spawning success long (50.01 + 0.56mm) significantly not greater than the average body length of male frog success (47.98 + 0.71mm) (F (1,51) =1.760, P=0.028). And the balance in favor of its own in the form of holding the selection process, large female R. hanluica selection and relatively large size male frog Rana mating, female dew selection and size the small size of the relatively small frog mating. (3) the size of individual sexual dimorphism exists in the local form of cold dew forest frog and sexual dimorphism, female model is too large (U=203.500, Z=-2.115, P0.05), the degree of sexual dimorphism is 0.065 and the ratio of the two average body length was 1.069. in addition, through a 鍏冪嚎鎬у洖褰掑垎鏋愬彲鐭，

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