采棉机作业工况监测及典型故障诊断研究

发布时间：2018-02-27 22:40

本文关键词： 采棉机工况监测 LabVIEW CAN总线 AR模型　出处：《中国农业机械化科学研究院》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：棉花历来是我国一级战略性物资,并与国家的粮食安全同等重要,关乎国家经济安全。棉花产业对国计民生、纺织工业以至整个国民经济发展都有着举足轻重的作用。现代农业的快速发展和农业机械化新技术的更新促使采棉机得到广泛使用。针对采棉机价值高、服役时间长、生命周期管理和维护难度大等特点,应用信息化、无线移动互联网、虚拟仪器技术、远程故障诊断等技术手段,重点研究核心部件作业过程检测、故障远程诊断等环节信息管理方法,有利于提高采棉机作业质量,提高作业效率,降低故障率。为了建立比较全面的采棉机工况监测系统,本文以贵航4MZ-5自走式采棉机为研究对象,在分析了国内外农机监测系统的基础上,设计了一套采棉机作业工况实时监测系统。主要的研究内容包括:1.利用LabVIEW开发了基于CAN总线通信网络的采棉机作业工况监测系统,实现了对采棉机的采摘头、风机、风管、发动机、液压油管等核心部件工况的实时监测及故障报警;根据设计的远程通讯协议,通过远程数据传输模块(DTU)实现了车载监控终端和远程中心服务器之间的数据通信,从而达到对采棉机作业工况进行远程监测的目的。2.轴承故障诊断方法研究及试验。本文设计了基于轴承温升趋势的故障预警,结合奇异谱分析与AR模型对轴承温升趋势特征进行提取、预测,并基于Itakura信息距离对轴承工况进行故障判定。并进行了实验室轴承温升试验,有效地验证了所设计的基于轴承温升趋势的故障预警系统的准确性。3.采棉机棉箱火情实验室试验。基于CO与NO传感器,研究了阴燃发生时所产生的CO与NO气体浓度的相应变化情况,及棉花在低氧阴燃、富氧阴燃情况下的火情发展情况与相应发展阶段的规律。进而联合CO与NO传感器进行棉箱火情的综合监测及预警,增加检测精度,减少误报率。4.田间试验。将设计的所有监测装置安装在采棉机相应的监测位置,在新疆石河子进行机器运转试验。试验期间整个监测系统工作正常,CAN总线及远程通讯正常,采棉机各监测参数能实时显示、保存,在工作过程中起到了实时监测采棉机运行状态的作用。
[Abstract]:Cotton has always been a first-level strategic material in our country, and it is as important as the national food security, which is related to the national economic security. The cotton industry is of great importance to the national economy and the people's livelihood. The rapid development of modern agriculture and the renewal of new technology of agricultural mechanization promote the wide use of cotton pickers. Life cycle management and maintenance are very difficult. By using information technology, wireless mobile Internet, virtual instrument technology, remote fault diagnosis and other technical means, this paper focuses on the core components of the job process detection, The information management method of remote fault diagnosis is helpful to improve the work quality, improve the efficiency and reduce the failure rate of cotton harvester. In order to establish a more comprehensive monitoring system of cotton harvester working conditions, This paper takes Guihang 4MZ-5 self-propelled cotton harvester as the research object, on the basis of analyzing the monitoring system of agricultural machinery at home and abroad, A set of real time monitoring system of cotton harvester working condition is designed. The main research contents include: 1. Using LabVIEW to develop the monitoring system of cotton picking machine working condition based on CAN bus communication network, and realizing the picking head, fan and air pipe of cotton picker. According to the designed remote communication protocol, the data communication between the on-board monitoring terminal and the remote central server is realized through the remote data transmission module (DTU). In order to achieve the purpose of remote monitoring the operating conditions of cotton pickers. 2. Research and test of bearing fault diagnosis methods. This paper designs a fault warning system based on bearing temperature rise trend. Combined with singular spectrum analysis and AR model, the feature of bearing temperature rise trend was extracted and predicted, and the bearing working condition was judged based on Itakura information distance, and the temperature rise test of bearing was carried out in laboratory. The accuracy of the designed fault warning system based on bearing temperature rise trend is verified effectively. 3. Laboratory test of cotton case fire of cotton picker. Based on CO and no sensors, The corresponding changes of CO and no gas concentration produced during smoldering and cotton smoldering at low oxygen were studied. Under the condition of oxygen-enriched smoldering, the development of the fire and the law of the corresponding development stage are discussed. Furthermore, combined with the CO and no sensors, the comprehensive monitoring and early warning of the fire situation in the cotton box are carried out to increase the accuracy of the detection. To reduce false alarm rate .4. field test. Install all the monitoring devices designed in the corresponding monitoring position of cotton harvester and carry out machine operation test in Shihezi, Xinjiang. During the test, the whole monitoring system works normally and can bus and remote communication are normal. The monitoring parameters of cotton harvester can be displayed and preserved in real time, which plays a role in monitoring the running state of cotton harvester in the working process.
【学位授予单位】：中国农业机械化科学研究院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S225.911

【参考文献】