羊梭菌病多联干粉灭活疫苗—阿维菌素复合制剂的研制

发布时间：2018-03-04 03:17

本文选题：阿维菌素　切入点：胃肠道线虫　出处：《内蒙古农业大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：家畜疫病包括传染病和寄生虫病,其对养殖业危害很大。就羊而言,梭菌性疾病和胃肠道线虫病是通常极易发生的疫病。羊梭菌性疾病以发病急、病程短、死亡率高为主要特征,防控的主要措施为免疫接种;而对胃肠道线虫病则主要是利用阿维菌素类药物来进行防治。目前,对这两种疾病的防控通常分别进行,这不仅带来诸多不便和麻烦,还会浪费不少财力、物力和人力。因此,研制一种既能预防羊梭菌性疾病,又可以驱杀胃肠道线虫的复合制剂,具有广阔应用前景和实际意义。本研究以疫苗的稀释剂为水基制备阿维菌素水乳剂,进行羊梭菌病多联干粉灭活疫苗-阿维菌素复合制剂的制备,并对复合制剂的相关指标进行评估。首先,为了解羊的胃肠道线虫病感染情况,在乌审旗地区进行了寄生虫病流行病学调查。结果显示,线虫卵感染率平均为56.6%,平均感染强度克粪便虫卵数(E PG)达到1089,最高感染强度为14200。通过对单一溶媒、复合溶媒、复合乳化剂、抗冻剂及增稠剂的筛选,成功制备了性质稳定的阿维菌素水乳剂,并对阿维菌素水乳剂和复合制剂的质量进行了检测,均符合要求。然后,进行了复合制剂毒性试验、刺激性实验、血清中阿维菌素含量检测及临床驱虫实验。结果显示,复合制剂半数致死量LD50=12.75mg/kg,对受试动物皮肤刺激性小、肝肾无损害;阿维菌素浓度在给药后24 h最高,驱虫效果明显,证明复合制剂中的疫苗及其他化学成分并未影响阿维菌素的作用效果。最后,通过血清中和试验对复合制剂的羊梭菌性疾病免疫效力进行测定,证明符合疫苗要求,阿维菌素水乳剂并没有影响羊梭菌病多联干粉灭活疫苗的免疫效果。
[Abstract]:Domestic animal diseases include infectious and parasitic diseases, which are very harmful to the breeding industry. In sheep, Clostridium and gastrointestinal nematode disease are the most common diseases. The disease is acute and the course of disease is short. The high mortality rate is the main characteristic, the main measure of prevention and control is immunization, while the main prevention and control of gastrointestinal nematode is the use of avermectin. At present, the prevention and control of these two diseases are usually carried out separately. This will not only bring inconvenience and trouble, but also waste a lot of money, material resources and manpower. Therefore, we can develop a compound preparation that can not only prevent the disease of Clostridium sheep, but also kill the gastrointestinal nematode. In this study, abamectin water emulsion was prepared by using diluent of vaccine as water base, and the preparation of multiplex dry powder inactivated vaccine of Clostridium sheep's disease and abamectin compound preparation was carried out. First of all, in order to understand the situation of gastrointestinal nematode infection in sheep, an epidemiological survey of parasitic diseases was carried out in Wushenqi area. The average infection rate was 56. 6%, the average infection intensity was 1089 and the highest infection intensity was 1 4200. The single solvent, compound solvent, compound emulsifier, antifreeze and thickener were screened. The stable abamectin emulsion was successfully prepared, and the quality of abamectin emulsion and compound preparation were tested, which met the requirements. Then, the toxicity test and irritation test of compound preparation were carried out. The detection of abamectin content in serum and the clinical experiment of insect repellent showed that LD500.75mg / kg of LD50mg / kg had little irritation to skin, no damage to liver and kidney, and the concentration of avermectin was the highest at 24 h after administration, and the effect of insect repellent was obvious. It was proved that the vaccine and other chemical components in the compound preparation did not affect the effect of avermectin. Finally, the immune efficacy of the compound preparation was determined by serum neutralization test, and the results showed that the vaccine met the requirements of the vaccine. Avermectin water emulsion did not affect the immune efficacy of the inactivated multiplex dry powder vaccine against Clostridium suis.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S859.5

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