龙葵花青素的提取纯化及其对几种病原菌的抑菌活性分析

发布时间：2018-03-04 12:42

本文选题：龙葵花青素　切入点：提取　出处：《山东农业大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：花青素(Anthocyanin),又称花色素、花青苷,是自然界中一类广泛存在于植物中的水溶性天然色素,具有抗氧化、抑菌消炎、抗肿瘤、保护视力等众多的生理功能,和人工合成色素相比,具有天然产物的优势,被广泛的应用于食品、医药、保健等领域。近些年,国内外关于花青素的研究方向主要集中在花青素的结构鉴定、代谢合成、粗提物的制备以及粗提物功能活性鉴定上,对高纯度花青素的制备以及单体的分离研究比较少。在研究对象上则主要集中在葡萄、蓝莓、紫甘薯、紫玉米、黑枸杞、黑米等,对于龙葵果实中的花青素研究很少。本研究主要研究了龙葵花青素纯度的最佳检测方法、提取和纯化工艺以及龙葵花青素对几种植物病原菌的抑菌效果,得出如下结论:第一,通过紫外可见光分光光度法、高效液相色谱法和pH示差法三种方法对龙葵和蓝莓花青素的纯度进行了综合分析对比,确定了龙葵花青素的最佳检测方法是高效液相色谱法(标准品为矮牵牛色素);第二,通过单因素对比实验,对龙葵花青素的提取和纯化工艺进行了优化,确定了最佳的提取剂是pH 1.0的盐酸水溶液,最佳洗脱剂是pH 1.0盐酸乙醇溶液,通过三次萃取可以除去龙葵花青素粗提物中大部分的类黄酮物质;第三,通过抑菌实验,确定了龙葵花青素对玉米纹枯病菌YWK62、水稻稻曲病病菌和水稻条斑病菌RS105均有抑菌效果,在低浓度下抑菌效果不明显,高浓度下抑菌效果极显著。以上结论为花青素的纯度检测、提取纯化工艺以及在植物病害防治上的应用提供了重要的参考。
[Abstract]:Anthocyanin (anthocyanin), also called anthocyanin, is a kind of water-soluble natural pigment widely found in plants in nature. It has many physiological functions, such as anti-oxidation, bacteriostatic and anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-visual protection and so on, compared with synthetic pigment. With the advantage of natural products, it is widely used in food, medicine, health care and other fields. In recent years, the research direction of anthocyanins at home and abroad is mainly focused on the structural identification of anthocyanins, metabolic synthesis, In the preparation of crude extracts and the identification of their functional activities, the preparation of high purity anthocyanins and the separation of monomers were less studied. The main research objects were grape, blueberry, purple sweet potato, purple corn, black medlar, black rice, etc. There are few studies on anthocyanins in the fruit of Solanum nigrum. This study mainly studied the best detection method for the purity of anthocyanin, the extraction and purification process, and the bacteriostatic effect of anthocyanin on several plant pathogens. The conclusions are as follows: first, The purity of anthocyanin from Solanum nigrum and blueberry was analyzed and compared by ultraviolet and visible spectrophotometry, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and pH difference method. The optimum detection method of solanum anthocyanin was determined by HPLC (the standard sample was petunia pigment). Secondly, the extraction and purification of solanum anthocyanin were optimized by single factor contrast experiment. The best extraction agent is hydrochloric acid aqueous solution at pH 1.0, and the best eluent is pH 1.0 hydrochloric acid ethanol solution. Most flavonoids can be removed from solanum anthocyanidin crude extract by three times extraction. Third, through bacteriostasis experiment, The results showed that solanum anthocyanidin had antimicrobial effect on maize sheath blight fungus YWK62, rice smut pathogen and RS105 of rice stripe, but had no obvious inhibitory effect at low concentration, but had remarkable inhibitory effect at high concentration. The above conclusion is the purity of anthocyanin. The extraction and purification process and its application in plant disease prevention and treatment provide important references.
【学位授予单位】：山东农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TQ28;S432.4

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