面向水安全的石嘴山农田灌溉水资源配置研究

发布时间：2018-03-11 22:31

本文选题：水安全　切入点：农田水资源配置　出处：《河北工程大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在新时期治水思路下,水资源的利用和管理不仅要满足生产生活需求,同时也要满足生态环境修复和改善的最低红线。这也是实现我国绿色可持续发展的必然选择。目前,我国生产生活用水和生态环境用水矛盾突出,尤其是在干旱缺水的西北地区。西北地区干旱少雨、生态环境脆弱,加剧了生产生活与生态环境用水的矛盾,这是困扰干旱缺水地区的一个重大难题。为此,本文选择石嘴山灌区作为研究区,开展了以下研究:(1)基于“引沟济渠”模式的农田分区水资源配置:因石嘴山生产生活用水与生态环境用水矛盾突出,制约该区域的可持续发展。经现状分析发现,农业是最大的用水户,且具有很大的节水潜力。因此,本文将农业节水作为解决当前用水矛盾的突破口,并进行了论证研究。本文以“自然—社会”二元水循环为理论基础,深入研究石嘴山灌区农田水循环,结合现有灌溉系统格局,提出将灌溉渠水和农田排水掺混作为农田灌溉的方案,即“引沟济渠”模式。该模式的提出,一方面增加农田灌溉用水的同时还能节约一部分水用于生态环境用水,另一方面缓解农田排水污染问题,农田排水含有一些农作物生长所需营养物质,同时,农田土壤还能对农田排水进行过滤和净化。为验证“引沟济渠”模式的可行性,本文选取惠农渠和唐徕渠,进行案例分析和论证。(2)基于水系连通的水资源空间配置:基于上一步的研究工作和基础,依托石嘴山现有湖库湿地工程,进行水系连通方案设置。结合农田灌溉制度,以增加各连通要素的水动力条件为目标,进行月尺度的分段水量配置及路线设计。实现石嘴山西部山前的湖库湿地连通与山前生态廊道的建设。
[Abstract]:Under the idea of water control in the new period, the utilization and management of water resources should not only meet the needs of production and living, but also meet the minimum red line for the restoration and improvement of ecological environment. This is also an inevitable choice for the realization of green and sustainable development in China. The contradiction between production and living water and ecological environment water is prominent in China, especially in the arid and water-short northwest region, which is characterized by drought and little rain and fragile ecological environment, which exacerbates the contradiction between production and living and ecological environment water use. This is a major problem for arid and water-short areas. Therefore, Shizuishan Irrigation District is chosen as the research area. The following research is carried out: (1) the allocation of water resources in farmland zonation based on the model of "diversion ditch": because of the prominent contradiction between the water used for production and living in Shizuishan and the water use for the ecological environment, the sustainable development of the region is restricted by the analysis of the present situation. Agriculture is the largest water user and has great water saving potential. Therefore, this paper regards agricultural water saving as the breakthrough point to solve the contradiction of water use, and makes a demonstration and research. This paper takes the dual water cycle of "nature and society" as the theoretical basis. In this paper, the water circulation of farmland in Shizuishan irrigation area is studied in depth. Combining with the existing irrigation system pattern, the mixing of irrigation canal water and farmland drainage is put forward as the scheme of farmland irrigation, that is, the model of "diversion gully and economic canal". On the one hand, increasing irrigation water in farmland can also save some water for the ecological environment, on the other hand, to alleviate the problem of farmland drainage pollution, farmland drainage contains some nutrients needed for the growth of crops, and at the same time, In order to verify the feasibility of the model of "diversion ditch and economic canal", this paper selects Huinong canal and Tanglai canal, Case analysis and demonstration. 2) based on the water system connectivity spatial allocation: based on the previous research work and foundation, relying on the existing lake and reservoir wetland project in Shizuishan, the water system connectivity scheme is set up, combined with the farmland irrigation system, With the aim of increasing the hydrodynamic condition of each connected element, the monthly water allocation and route design are carried out to realize the connection of lake and reservoir wetland in the west of Shizuishan and the construction of ecological corridor in front of the mountain.
【学位授予单位】：河北工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S274

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