认知语义学视域下「打つ」和「打ち～」的语义考察

发布时间：2018-04-05 09:02

本文选题：「打ち」　切入点：接头辞　出处：《湘潭大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文以「打つ」和「打ち～」为研究对象，利用认知语义学原理，考察了其语义的多样化并推及其原理。首先，笔者运用《少纳言》检索工具从日本国立国语研究所开发的《现代日语书面语均衡语料库》中抽取「打つ」的用例，根据用例将「打つ」的语义分为13类并找出其共通项设定出核心含义图。其次，通过分析用例，在核心含义图的基础上设定出4类「打ち～」复合动词意象图式，通过意象图式明确了复合动词与其后项动词在语义、语感上的差别及原因。通过对基本动词「打つ」及「打ち～」复合动词进行分析，笔者得出了以下结论：基本动词「打つ」的语义共通要素为：①动作主体（生物或非生物）。②对象物发生位置、性状变化。③力的施与（多为敲击、拍打产生的力）。通过这三点共通要素可以设定「打つ」的核心含义图。另外，我们在核心含义图的基础上通过分析用例推导出4类「打ち～」复合动词的意象图式，当认知的力点落于不同的共通要素上，「打ち～」的虚实程度会发生变化，，语义由实至虚变化的连续性也可以明确显示。当认知的焦点落于“力的施与”时，「打ち」对后项动词的语义的程度产生力度的调节作用，即使后项动词表达的语义的程度发生变化。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the semantic diversity and its principle are investigated by means of cognitive semantics.First of all, the author uses the search tool of "Shao Na Yan" to extract the use cases of "typing" from the Modern Japanese written language balanced Corpus developed by the National Institute of Mandarin Studies of Japan.According to the use case, the semantics of "fight" is divided into 13 categories and its common items are found and the core meaning map is given.Secondly, based on the analysis of use cases, four kinds of image schema of compound verb are established on the basis of the core meaning map, and the differences and reasons of the semantic and linguistic sense between the compound verb and the latter verb are clarified through the image schema.Based on the analysis of the basic verbs of "typing" and "typing" compound verbs, the author draws the following conclusions:The semantic common elements of the basic verb "beating" are the position of the action subject (biological or abiotic), the application and the variation of 3.3-force (most of which are percussion, the force produced by pounding.Through these three common elements, we can set up the core meaning map.In addition, on the basis of the core meaning map, we deduce the image schema of the four kinds of compound verbs by analyzing the use cases. When the cognitive force points fall on different common elements, the degree of virtual reality will change.The continuity of semantic changes from real to virtual can also be clearly displayed.When the focus of cognition is on the exertion of force, the latter verb exerts a regulating effect on the semantic degree of the latter verb, even though the degree of semantic expression of the latter verb changes.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：H36

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